this damage again requires specific analytical techniques. While extending the
range of analyses performed during selection would improve the reliability of
the conclusion that a stallion ‘meets the requirements for adequate fertility’, it
would also significantly increase the costs; moreover, the tests generally
require specialized equipment (e.g. a flow cytometer or fluorescent
microscope) not available at most studs or veterinary practices. Nevertheless,
certifying AI stallions (or their semen) for the specific preservation system to
be used, will improve average pregnancy rates, assuming that sensible
management decisions are made with regard to the management of AI (e.g.
number of normal sperm per dose and timing of AI).
References
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Loomis PR, Graham JK (2008). Commercial semen freezing: individual male variation in cryosurvival and the
response of stallion sperm to customized freezing protocols. Anim Reprod Sci 105: 119-128.
Love CC, Garcia MC, Riera FR, Kenney RM (1991). Evaluation of measures taken by ultrasonography and caliper to
estimate testicular volume and predict daily sperm output in the stallion. J Reprod Fert suppl 44: 99-105.
Love CC (2005). The sperm chromatin structure assay: a review of clinical applications. Anim Reprod Sci. 89: 39-45.
Samper J (2009) Artificial Insemination with fresh and cooled semen. Saunders, Elsevier, Missouri (Ed. J. Samper):
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Sieme H (2009). Semen evaluation. In Equine breeding managemant and artificial insemination. Saunders, Elsevier,
Missouri (Ed. J. Samper): pp. 57-74.
Thoma AD, Meyers SA, Ball BA (2006). Capacitation-like changes in equine spermatozoa following cryopreservation.
Theriogenology 65: 1531-1550
Thompson JA, Love CC, Stich KL, Brinsko SP, Blanchard TL, Varner DD (2004). A Bayesian approach to prediction of
stallion dail y sperm output. Theriogenology 62: 1607-1617.
Vidament M, Dupere AM, Julienne P, Evain A, Noue P, Palmer E (1997). Equine frozen semen: Freezability and
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