SAEVA Proceedings 2016 | Page 100

  Initial vaccination: weanlings at approximately 6 months of age Secondary vaccination: yearlings at approximately 12 months of age Annual booster: All horses in high-risk areas should be vaccinated in late winter or spring (Sept-Nov). DAFF have recently restricted the AHS vaccination period in the AHS Controlled Area following evidence that the Porterville AHS outbreak in 2014 was caused by recombination of serotypes 1 and 4 from the modified live vaccine and subsequent transmission. A summary of the restricted period is given below: Although there are no registered products currently commercially available, inactivated or recombinant vaccines would prove to be valuable alternatives to the current modified live virus vaccines. Foals of immune dams acquire a passive colostral immunity that may protect them against infection for between 3 to 6 months. Vaccination is still the mainstay in terms of preventative measures. Despite the rigorous use of vaccination to control AHS in RSA, cases of AHS occur annually in certain high-risk areas (including Onderstepoort). It has also been shown that vaccinated horses can become infected with AHSV without developing clinical signs of infection. Such animals may provide a source of virus for midges and as such may well play a role in the spread of the disease if such animals are relocated during the infectious period. The introduction of equids incubating AHS is the most important means of introducing the disease into an area or country free of the disease. Zebra and African donkeys that do not develop clinical signs of AHS are particularly dangerous. Equids imported from infected countries should be quarantined in 15-­‐18  February  2016      East  London  Convention  Centre,  East  London,  South  Africa     99