SAEVA Proceedings 2015 | Page 87

South African Equine Veterinary Association Congress 2015  Protea Hotel  Stellenbosch   Permethrin  Ivermectin (oral ) Treat contact horses and environment! Treatment failure     Other Agent didn‟t reach the parasite  Clip  Remove crusts Contact animals not treated Environment not treated How about the rest of the body? causes of Pastern dermatitis: Immune mediated - Vasculitis  Usually restricted to the white part of the lower limbs and muzzle –even if other parts of the body are non-pigmented  Suggest a local environmental substance like pasture plants causes photo-activated contact dermatitis  Histopathological findings include leukocytoclastic vasculopathy Photodermatitis  Phototoxicity/ solar -/ actinic dermatitis: classic sunburn reaction due to dose related response to UV light  Photosensitivity: occurs when skin has increased susceptibility to damaging effects of UV light because of production, ingestion or injections of a photodynamic agent  Photocontact dermatitis: most common caused by contact to certain plants Treatment : Avoidance of sunlight (pasture access at night), bandages on lower limbs  Identification and elimination of cause  Symptomatic treatment of liver disease  Steroids (topical and/or oral)  If present treat secondary infections  Removal of crusts (Dr. Keith Brown‟s remedy : Scarlett oil, chlorhexidine , miconazole) Most severe Form Chronic progressive lymphedema: of Pastern dermatitis: Progressive swelling, hyperkeratosis and fibrosis of distal limbs Shires, Clydesdales and Belgian Draft horses, (Gypsy Vanners) Starts at an early age and progresses to disfigurement  Closely resemble a condition known in humans as chronic lymphedema or elephantiasis nostras verrucosa  Lower leg swelling caused by abnormal functioning of the lymphatic system in the skin, results in chronic lymphedema (swelling), fibrosis, decreased perfusion subsequent secondary infections of the skin  Characterized by skin thickening, crusting and possible skin folds in the pastern area  Readily palpable, not appreciated because of heavy feathering 87