SAEVA Proceedings 2014 | Page 98

98   46TH  ANNUAL  CONGRESS  OF  THE  SAEVA        SKUKUZA      16-­‐20  FEBRUARY  2014     Anatomy: The periorbita is a conical shaped structure stretching from the bony orbit caudomedially and apexes toward the foramina ethmoidale, fissure orbitalis, canalis opticus and foramen rotundum. All nerves carrying sensory, sympathetic and motor sensation to the structures of the eye are found within this fascia. Cranial nerves III, IV, V (ophthalmic branch) and VI, internal ophthalmic artery and vein are situated within the periorbita. The sensory innervation to the globe and anexa is carried by the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V). Figure 2: Student performing a retrobulbar block in a horse (Campoy 2012. WCVA Order of Proceedings). Procedure: There are two approaches to the periorbita: The modified retrobulbar technique and the Peterson block. The modified retrobulbar block: The Modified retrobulbar technique requires advancement of a needle bent 5o curvomedially at 4 separate sites around the globe through the conjunctiva. The needle is insterted at the lateral and medial canthi as well as dorsal and ventral margin of the eye. The needle should be advanced until a pop is felt as it passes through the periorbital fascia. The syringe is aspirated and the local anaesthetic is injected.   98