46TH
ANNUAL
CONGRESS
OF
THE
SAEVA
SKUKUZA
16-‐20
FEBRUARY
2014
117
Rifampin
5 mg/ kg
q 12 h
orally
Bactericidal
Wide distribution
Gram positive
Aneorobes
Active intracellular
Excellent activity against
Staph aureus
Active in pus and acid
environments
Good for abscesses
Never to be administered on
own. Can be combined with
macrolides, penicillin, TMS
(never use with floroquinilones)
Bad taste can make horses
anorectic
Macrolides
Induces hepatic enzymes
(elevated liver enzymes)
Bacteriostatic
Highly lipid solubility
Gram +ve
Some aneorobes
Excellent tissue and cell
penetration
R. equi
L. intracellularis
Intracellular
concentration exceed
serum concentrations
Colitis in adult horses
Active in acid
environment
20 – 25
mg/kg q
8 hr
Hyperthermia
Azithro
mycin
10 mg.kg
Sid for 5
days then
every
other
day
Less likely to cause diarrhea
Clarith
romicin
7.5 mg/kg
PO q 12
hrs
Fluoroquinilon
es
Erythro
micin
Diarrhea
Bacteriocidal
Widespread distribution
Concentration dependant
Good tissue penetration
Gram –ve
Many isolates of Staph
aureus
Intracellular penetration
No anaerobes
enroflo
xacin
5 mg/kg
SID IV
Arthropathy in immature
animals
7.5 mg/kg
SID
orally
IM causes severe tissue reaction
Raid IV can cause ataxia and
neurologic signs
Weakening and rupture of
tendons in humans (importance
in horses?)
Oral ulcerations
117