SAEVA Proceedings 2014 | Page 114

114   Anti bioti c Dose Penicillin   Antibioti c class 46TH  ANNUAL  CONGRESS  OF  THE  SAEVA        SKUKUZA      16-­‐20  FEBRUARY  2014   Spectrum of activity Distribution Notes and adverse reactions Bactericidal Low lipid solubility, poor tissue penetration IMHA Time dependant Activity reduced in acid environments i.e. abscesses and tissue necrosis Penicilli nG Sodium / potassi um pen Gram +ve Gram +ve anaerobes Inactivated by B-lactamase enzymes from many Staphylococcus spp, gram negative enteric bacteria, and bacteroides 10000 – 40000 iu/kg q 46 h IV or IM Short serum elimination half-life and no post-antibiotic effect, frequent dosing or CRI. Give 30 min prior to colic Surgery and after 80 min if still in surgery. Procain e penicilli n 22 000 IU/kg q 12 – 24 h IM Procaine reaction. Concentration of free procaine in bottles increased following exposure to heat. Horses develop muscle soreness / myositis after prolonged use Benzat hine penicilli n Not recomm ended because of low plasma concentr ations Ampicil lin and amoxici llin Broader spectrum of activity against gram –ve. Le 727F