SABI Magazine Volume 9 Issue 4 | Page 38

Pest control Millions in savings possible for macadamia industry As bats control pests A Two-season research project proves that natural pest control pays collaborative research project between Green Farms Nut Company (GFNC), South Africa’s largest privately owned processor and marketer of macadamia nuts, four of their suppliers, the macadamia industry body, SAMAC, and the University of Venda is proving the commercial value to the industry of using bats and birds to control insects that damage the crop. Established in 1991 and South Africa’s leading privately owned macadamia nut processing organisation. GFNC was first in the country to achieve ISO 22000 accreditation and in 2015 awarded the FSSC food safety accreditation - their factories rated of the best in the world. GFNC has a unique business model where farmers share in any market or exchange rate benefits and growers are not tied to 36 SABI | APRIL / MAY 2017 supply agreements. Through their marketing company, Green & Gold Nuts, they sell the largest volume of macadamia nuts globally. The project has been designed and is being managed by the university’s South African Research Chair’s Initiative (SARChI) Chair on Biodiversity Value & Change. Results from the first year of the project, which covers the 2016 and 2017 macadamia growing seasons, already provide clear evidence that crop damage is increased when bats and birds are excluded from orchards. The damage is caused by stinkbugs, moths, and nut borers. Professor Peter Taylor, SARChI chair and supervisor of the project says that “Stinkbug damage to macadamia orchards in South Africa is estimated to be between R50-100 million per annum. Economic models of the “avoided costs” of bat predation on stinkbugs due to predation by bats on and around macadamia nut trees suggest that the current level of stinkbug damage would be doubled if bat populations in orchards were to become extinct. Any efforts to retain bat populations, through use of safe pesticides, retaining natural vegetation corridors and bat houses, should be strongly encouraged.”