SABI Magazine Volume 9 Issue 4 | Page 24

Hydropower Going high for green energy...the pipeline is erected by a topnotch team! generate total green energy – but also can earn “Renewable Energy Certificates”, also known as “Green Tags”. These certificates can be traded or used to convert carbon energy used into green energy – this can be a great advantage if you export products like fruit or wine to other countries. There are numerous hydropower sites in the Western Cape with good potential to be developed. Most of these are either on private land or on land managed by Cape Nature. For a mini project (between 1 and 5 MWatt) you will need to do an Environmental Impact Assessment, as well as specialist studies as you will be working in natural streams and most possibly in Fynbos Design, Build, Commission, Maintain All Water Purification Systems Purification of water from sources namely: Rivers Dams Boreholes Municipal Outlets Application specific solutions to various problems such as: Iron & Manganese (Fe & Mn) Bacteria & Viruses Low Alkalinity (Aggressive water) Brackish water (NaCl—Salt) Odour & Taste Water treated for the following uses: Agricultural Potable water Irrigation Industrial De-mineralized water Process feed water Waste water recycling  [email protected]  021 851 2451  www.wps.co.za areas. Luckily the development of hydropower has a very small footprint for the energy generated because of the high density of water. Water is 1000 times denser than air and therefore the footprint is 1000 times smaller for the same energy generated by wind. L’Ormarins’ hydropower In the Western Cape there are ample opportunities to generate hydropower. I&F Engineering have completed the 2.3 MWatt Hydropower plant at L’Ormarins. Beautiful L’Ormarins is the main estate in the Anthonij Rupert Wyne portfolio, situated in the Franschhoek area. The farm has a combination of both low-lying land and moderate-to-steep slopes. There is an altitude difference of 385m between the lowest (165m) and the highest (580m) points on the farm. The L’Ormarins hydropower project is built mainly on Cape Nature land with a 450mm pipeline winding down the Hottentots Holland Mountains toward L’Ormarins. Situated on the the farm – on a specific elevation - is the turbine building with two Pelton turbines in parallel receiving from 35 to 700 l/s water at a head of about 300 m. These turbines combined can generate from 100 kW up to 2000 kW and start up automatically when the level at the small weir rises to the predetermined level. After the water is released, with no power, it 22 SABI | APRIL / MAY 2017 flows to a dam (which operates as an energy bank) where the water can either be used to irrigate by means of gravity, or to fill all the dams on the farm. Alternatively it can be sent back to the stream after generating electrical power again at the lower (87m) head Cross Flow turbine ranging from 30kW to 325kW. The efficiencies of these turbines range from 86% to 90% depending on the flow. Scope I&F Engineering are busy working on further hydropower projects in the area. These include hydropower projects at Porterville (1 MWatt); Franschhoek (3.6 MWatt); Du Toitskloof (1.5 MWatt) and numerous smaller plants ranging from 5–350kW on various farms. Notably, many opportunities awaiting development exist in the eastern parts of South Africa. The eastern areas of South Africa have many older hydros which were developed from 1920 onwards but abandoned when the Eskom national grid made things much simpler. Hydropower is again blooming and is just in the beginning of its cycle and there is huge scope for development and upgrading of hydropower plants. Ian de Jager is the CEO of I&F Engineering and the Western Cape chairman of SABI, [email protected].