RocketSTEM Issue #2 - April 2013 | Page 6

Curiosity is shown in this context mosaic view of the Yellowknife Bay basin taken on Jan. 26 (Sol 169) where the robot is currently working. The robotic arm is pressing down on the surface at John Klein outcrop of veined hydrated minerals - dramatically backdropped with her Photo: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Ken Kremer/Marco Di Lorenzo ultimate destination; Mount Sharp. organisms,” said Paul Mahaffy, principal investigator of the SAM suite of instruments at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. “The rock drilling capability is a significant advancement. It allows us to go beyond the surface layer of the rock, unlocking a time capsule of evidence about the state of Mars going back three or four billion years,” said Louise Jandura of JPL and Curiosity’s chief engineer for the sampling system. “Using our roving geologist, Curiosity, the scientists can choose the rock, get inside the rock and deliver the powdered sample to instruments on the rover for analysis.” The high powered drill was the last of Curiosity’s 10 state-of-the-art instruments still to be checked out and put into full operation. The discovery of phyllosilicates on the floor of Gale crater was unexpected, and has delighted the scientists. Based on spectral observations from Mars orbit. Grotzinger told me previously that phyllosilicates had only been detected in the lower reaches of Mount Sharp, the three mile (5 km) high mountain that is Curiosity’s ultimate destination. Finding the phyllosilicates so soon at Yellowknife Bay is a tribute to the team and validates the selection of Gale Crater as the landing site. Grotzinger said that Curiosity The little rover that could Opportunity still making discoveries Today, Opportunity celebrates a truly unfathomable achievement, entering Year 10 on Mars since she rolled to a bumpy stop on January 24, 2004. Now she’s at a super sweet spot for science loaded with clays and veined minerals and making the most remarkable findings yet about the planets watery past - building upon a long string of unthinkable discoveries due to her totally unforeseen longevity. “Regarding achieving nine years, I never thought we’d achieve nine months!” said Principal Investigator Prof. Steve Squyres of Cornell University. “Every sol is a gift for our priceless assets on Mars.” As of April 1, Opportunity has exceeded 3200 Sols, or Martian days. She is now 111 months into the three-month primary mission that’s 37 times longer than the 90 day “warranty.” The rover remains healthy, has snapped over 178,000 images and driven over 22 miles marking the f irst overland expedition on another planet. By Ken Kremer Nine years ago, NASA’s pair of identical twin Martian sisters - Spirit & Opportunity - bounced to daunting airbag-cushioned landings on opposite sides of the Red Planet for what was supposed to be merely 90 day missions. 04 04 www.RocketSTEM.org