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 In the film, after the Battle of Stirling the Scottish Nobility name Wallace as Guardian of Scotland and grant him knighthood after which Wallace proceeds to invade Northern England..................In reality, After the battle of Stirling Bridge, the Scottish Nobility named both William Wallace and Andrew de Moray as Joint Guardians of Scotland. But Wallace was not given knighthood until after his invasion of Northern England. During Wallace’s invasion, Andrew de Moray died from wounds sustained at Stirling, when Wallace returned he was made sole Guardian of Scotland.  In the Film, the French Princess is sent by Edward Longshanks to buy off Wallace at York................In reality, it never happened. There was no attempt by Edward to bribe Wallace, and the princess was about 5 or 6 years old at the time.  In the Film, Edward I dies as Wallace is being executed..................In reality, Edward I died in 1307, two years after Wallace’s death.  In the Film, after Wallace’s execution, Robert the Bruce rides out to pay homage to the Armies of the English King, and accept his endorsement of his crown, however he has a sudden change of heart, and the Scots charge the fields of Bannockburn, and won their freedom.......................In reality, Robert the Bruce never rode to pay homage and accept any endorsement. Bruce had himself crowned King of Scots in 1306. After which he fought off the English for the next 20 years, indeed leading the Scots to victory at Bannockburn in 1314, 9 years after Wallace’s death. At Bannockburn they did indeed fight like warrior poets, and fight like Scotsman, and did win their freedom. (http://www.angelfire.com/rebellion/historicalheros/historyvsbraveheart.html) Facts - Fiction in „Braveheart” - - - - - FOLLOW-UP QUESTIONS How much can we rely on films? Why, in your opinion, did the director choose to alter historical reality? Bibliography: Bodley, H. H. Cultural anthropology: Tribes, states, and the global system. Palo Alto, CA: Mayfield, 1994. Byram, M. Cultural Studies and foreign language teaching. In S. Bassnett (ed.), Studying British Cultures: An Introduction. London: Routledge, 1997. Chang, Kwuang Chih. Shang Civilisation. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982. Chastain, K. Developing Second Language Skills: Theory and Practice. Orlando: Harcourt Brace Janovich Publishers, 1988. Frank, J. Raising cultural awareness in the English language classroom. English Teaching Forum, 2-35. 2013. Hall, E.T. The Silent Language. New York: Anchor Books, 1959 (1981). Harmer, Jeremy. The Practice of English Language Teaching. Third edition. Longman, 2001. Kramsch, C. Context and Culture in Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993. Kramsch, C. Language and Culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. Kubota, R. The multi/plural turn, postcolonial theory, and neoliberal multiculturalism: complicities and implications for applied linguistics. Applied Linguistics, 37(4), 474- 494, 2016. 62