Seo Yeon Yoon , Jee Hyun Suh , Seung Nam Yang et al . Association of Physical Activity , Including Amount and Maintenance , With All-Cause Mortality in Parkinson Disease . JAMA Neurol . 2021 ; 78 ( 12 ): 1446-1453 . doi : 10.1001 / jamaneurol . 2021.3926
Question : Is physical activity associated with all-cause mortality in individuals with Parkinson disease ( PD )? Findings : In this nationwide population-based cohort study of 10 699 individuals with PD , all physical activity intensities were associated with reduced all-cause mortality , with an inverse dose-response association between the total amount of physical activity and mortality . Participants who performed physical activity before and after the PD diagnosis had the lowest mortality risk . Meaning : In this analysis , physical activity and all-cause mortality had a dose-response association in individuals with PD ; although reverse causality might exist , modifications to increase and maintain physical activity may be beneficial for reducing mortality in PD .
Theodore Macnow , Tess Curran , Courtney Tolliday et al . Effect of Screen Time on Recovery from Concussion . A Randomized Clinical Trial . JAMA Pediatr . 2021 ; 175 ( 11 ): 1124-1131 . doi : 10.1001 / jamapediatrics . 2021.2782
Question : What is the effect of screen time in the first 48 hours after concussion on the duration of concussive symptoms ? Findings : In this randomized clinical trial including 125 patients with concussion aged 12 to 25 years , those who abstained from screen time during the first 48 hours of recovery had a statistically significant shorter duration of symptoms ( 3.5 days ) than those who were permitted screen time ( 8 days ). Meaning : This study provides preliminary evidence supporting clinical recommendations to limit screen time in the acute period after concussion .
Emma R . Russell , Daniel F . Mackay , Katy Stewart , et al . Association of Field Position and Career Length with Risk of Neurodegenerative Disease in Male Former Professional Soccer Players . JAMA Neurol . Published online August 2 , 2021 . doi : 10.1001 / jamaneurol . 2021.2403 Question : What is the association of field position , career length , and playing era with risk of neurodegenerative disease in male former professional soccer players ? Findings : In this cohort study of 7676 Scottish male former professional soccer players and 23 028 general population control individuals matched by sex , year of birth , and area socioeconomic status , risk of neurodegenerative disease among former soccer players varied by field position and career length but was similar across era of participation . Meaning : In this study , risk of neurodegenerative disease was higher among former professional soccer players with longer careers and among those in nongoalkeeper positions , indicating that factors associated with nongoalkeeper positions should be scrutinized to mitigate risk ; meanwhile , strategies to reduce head impact exposure may be advisable to reduce negative outcomes in this population .
Lopes S , Mesquita-Bastos J , Garcia C , et al . Effect of Exercise Training on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Among Patients with Resistant Hypertension : A Randomized Clinical Trial . JAMA Cardiol . Published online August 04 , 2021 . doi : 10.1001 / jamacardio . 2021.2735 Question : Is aerobic exercise training an effective antihypertensive treatment in patients with resistant hypertension ? Findings : In this randomized clinical trial including 53 patients , a 12-week exercise training intervention promoted a clinically meaningful reduction in 24-hour and daytime ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure . Meaning : The findings show that aerobic exercise added to optimized medical therapy reduces blood pressure in patients with low responsiveness to drug treatment and has the potential to be incorporated in the standard care of these patients .
Dong-Woo Kang , Adrian S . Fairey , Normand G . Boulé et al . Effects of Exercise on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Biochemical Progression in Men with Localized Prostate Cancer Under Active Surveillance . The ERASE Randomized Clinical Trial . JAMA Oncol . 2021 ; 7 ( 10 ): 1487-1495 . doi : 10.1001 / jamaoncol . 2021.3067 Question : Does a high-intensity interval training program improve cardiorespiratory fitness and delay the biochemical progression of prostate cancer in patients who are undergoing active surveillance ? Findings : In this randomized clinical trial of 52 male participants with prostate cancer under active surveillance , 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training significantly improved peak oxygen consumption , decreased prostate-specific antigen levels , and decreased prostate- -specific antigen velocity compared with usual care . It also inhibited the growth of prostate cancer cell line LNCaP in this patient population . Meaning : The findings of this study indicate that exercise may be an effective intervention for improving cardiorespiratory fitness and suppressing the progression of prostate cancer for patients undergoing active surveillance .
Joowon Lee , Rebecca J . Song , Ibrahim Musa Yola et al . Association of Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Midlife with Cardiometabolic Outcomes and Mortality . JAMA Netw Open . 2021 ; 4 ( 10 ): e2131284 . doi : 10.1001 / jamanetworkopen . 2021.31284 Question : Is estimated cardiorespiratory fitness ( eCRF ) in midlife associated with subclinical atherosclerosis , vascular stiffness , and risk of cardiometabolic disease and mortality ? Findings : In this cohort study of 2962 Framingham Offspring Study participants , higher midlife eCRF was associated with lower burdens of subclinical atherosclerosis and vascular stiffness , and with a lower risk of hypertension , diabetes , chronic kidney disease , cardiovascular disease , and mortality over a mean follow-up of 15 years . Meaning : These findings suggest that prognostic ability of midlife eCRF may extend to a wide range of cardiometabolic diseases . BR
Revista de Medicina Desportiva informa maio 2022 · 7