Revista de Medicina Desportiva (English) July 2018 | Page 7

cream or milk (avoid extreme flow- ing forms, oils, sprays that spread very fine, residual or misting quanti- ties that they often do not provide sufficient amount of sunscreen). It can also be applied chemical filter associations (avoiding PABA and oxibenzone) and ideally can be used in association with min- eral screens. The sunscreen should ideally be applied at home, at least 20 to 30 minutes before the exposi- tion to the sun, ideally reapplied on the places of greater sensitivity on arrival to the beach or swim- ming pool, after wetting or intense sweating and about 1.5 to 2 hours later if there was no opportunity to seek shade or wear proper clothing. It can be necessary to take oral anti- histaminic medication, supplements with substances that increase skin tolerance to light, such as Polypodium leucotomos, afamelanotide and nicoti- namide and, sometimes in recurring cases, synthetic antimalarial drugs (hydroxychloroquine). If the allergy is recurrent, it may be necessary to undergo preventive desensitiz- ing phototherapy. It is advisable to have a slow, gradual exposure to the sun, on the beginning or at the end of the day for gradual habitua- tion of the skin to the UV. It must be avoided the application of perfumes and some disinfectants when there is solar exposure, as well as to avoid What to look for Look on your skin the signs that: • Had changed on size, color or shape • Have a distinctive look from the other signs (known as the signal of the “ugly duck”) • Are asymmetrical or have irregular borders • Are rough or scaly (sometimes it is possible to feel the lesion before it can be seen) • Have several colors • They want to scratch • Bleed or there is some liquid release • Look rosy • Look like a wound, but they don’t heal If you find two or more of these alert signs, don’t waist time. Visit your doctor immediately e if there is any doubt see your dermatologist. the intentional exposure from 11 to 17 hours, especially when UV indexes are ≥ 7 (see www.ipma.pt and www.apcancrocutaneo.pt). The most frequent type of “sun allergy” is designated “polymorph sun eruption”, that is a clinical situ- ation related to the hypersensitivity to the UV radiation, namely the UVA, that develops on the thin skin, not daily exposed, like the breastline, upper and lower limbs, trunk, and it is are on the face. It occurs during the first hours / days of exposure, especially on environments where UV is high and typically on the skin that was not progressively exposure to the sun. The skin becomes red, with relief and very itchy and that sensation of heat can also occur even after the application of sun- screen during those days of expo- sure. The patients require prepara- tion of the skin, the application of sunscreen with high sun protection factors (SPF 50+, as cream or milk), the ingestion of medication starting three weeks before and until the end of the vacations. The anti-histaminic drugs, the supplements with sub- stances that increase the tolerance of the skin to the sun, like Polypodium leucotomos, and, sometimes on the recurrent cases, the synthetic anti- malarial drugs (hidroxicloroquine) are some examples of medication. Bibliography 1. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases- -conditions/sun-allergy/symptoms-causes/ syc-20378077 Gozali MV, Zhou BR, Luo D. Update on treat- ment of photodermatosis. Dermatol Online J, 2016 Feb 17; 22(2). Lim HW, Arellano-Mendoza MI, Stengel F. Current challenges in photoprotection. J Am Acad Dermatol 2017, Mar; 76(3S1):S91-S99 Formação Contínua Ensino a distância b-learning Pós-graduação em Medicina Desportiva 50 ECTS Destinatários Licenciados ou detentores de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Pós-graduação em Reabilitação em Medicina do Exercício e do Desporto 50 ECTS Destinatários Licenciados em fisioterapia, enfermagem, profissionais de educação física ou outros profissionais de saúde associados ao desporto Formação Contínua Medicina do Futebol Medicina e Reabilitação no Futebol Curso Inicial de Auscultação Cardíaca Curso Básico de Eletrocardiografia Nutrição Clínica na Medicina Geral e Familiar Mais informações medicinadesportiva.med.up.pt geriatria.med.up.pt E: [email protected] T: 22 04 26 922 Revista de Medicina Desportiva informa july 2018 · 5