Volume 22 • Issue 05 • 2018
Figure 11: Perirenal hemorrhage Figure 14: Microcephaly in a goat
Kidney: perirenal hemorrhage is a common and
frequent incidental finding in ruminant fetuses. Collection of histopathology samples
Once the internal examination is complete samples
are collected into 10% buffered formalin for
histopathology. The routine set of tissue samples
should always include brain, thyroid, heart, lung,
thymus, liver, spleen, kidney, lymphnode, adrenal,
intestine, skin (eyelid). Always collect additional
liver tissue into formalin in case you wish to run
mineral analysis.
Sampling of the placenta
Scan to view video
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Figure 12. Umbilical artery hemorrhage (arrows)
Umbilical artery: umbilical hemorrhage indicates
that the calf/lamb/kid was alive at the time of
abortion.
Open skull and examined the brain
The head is then removed, and the skull opened
to examine the brain for various abnormalities
in particular hydranencephaly (no doming of
the skull), porencephaly, hydrocephalus (doming
of the skull), cerebellar atrophy/abiotrophy,
cerebral atrophy/microcephaly, congestion,
hemorrhage, meningoencephalitis and necrosis
(figure 13 and figure 14).
Figure 13. Hydranencephaly in a bovine
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Placenta is the interface between the
endometrial
caruncle
and
placental
cotyledon and this is the common primary
site of infection.
Spread of infection from the placenta through
the allantoic membrane into the allantoic
(amniotic / abomasal) fluid occurs in many,
but not all cases.
Ensure both the cotyledonary and
intercotyledonary areas are collected for
both microbiology and histopathology.
Abortion Investigation Microbiology –
Synopsis
Samples collected for microbiological culture
should include abomasal fluid, placental
cotyledon, lung and liver. The interface between
the endometrial curuncle and placental cotyledon
is very commonly the primary site of infection
of many of the infectious agents associated
with abortion, initiating a placentitis. Spread
of infection from the placenta through the
allantoic membrane into the allantoic (amniotic /
abomasal) fluid occurs in many, but not all cases.
Therefore, some cases of placentitis do not spread
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