Reports, guides, handbooks Policy Handbook 2019-20 | Page 14

IS MY CHILD WELL ENOUGH FOR SCHOOL? ILLNESS/DISEASE SYMPTOMS/ SIGNS INCUBATION PERIOD Chicken Pox Fever and skin rash that comes in crops. Rash begins on the chest, back, under arms, neck, and face; changes to blisters and then scabs. Usually 13-17 days; can be as long as 3 weeks Exclude from school until blisters have dried into scabs, usually about 6 days after the rash appears. Virus spread by direct contact with the blister fluid or by droplets - from the nose and throat of an infected person during sneezing and cough- ing. Readily communicable. One at- tack usually confers immunity. DO NOT give aspirin as there is a risk of Reye Syndrome. Children on immuno- suppressive drugs are at high risk. Cold Sores (Herpes Simplex) Cold sores (fever blisters) ap- pear on the lips and face, less often in the mouth. Sores usually crust and heal within a few days. May be confused with impetigo. 2-12 days No exclusion necessary for mild oral herpes in children who are in control of their mouth secretions. Virus is transmitted by direct contact with infected persons, a majority of whom have no apparent infections. Common Cold Respiratory Infections (viral) Runny nose, sneezing, chills, tiredness, fever, muscle aches, sore throat, cough, which may last 2-7 days. Colds: 1-3 days Other acute respiratory illness: up to 10 days Exclude from school until child is without fever for 24 hours and is well enough to participate in normal, daily activities. Different viruses spread directly through coughing, sneezing, and explosive manner of speech in which droplets are cast; indirectly through articles freshly soiled by discharges of infected person. Fifth Disease Rarely any symptoms other than a rash (“slapped cheek”) that begins on cheeks; later found on the backs of arms and legs. Rash is very fine, lacy, pink, and tends to come and go in sunlight or heat. 4-20 days No exclusion necessary unless fever is present. Human Parovirus B19 spread through contact with infected respiratory secre- tions; good hand washing decreases transmission. Influenza Sudden onset of fever, headache, muscle pain, generalized discomfort, cough and sore throat. 1-3 days Exclude from school until temper- ature has been normal for 24 hours and child is well enough to participate in normal activities. Virus spreads directly through coughing, sneezing, and contact with nose or throat discharges of patient. Impetigo Blister-like sores that form an oozing, sticky, yellow crust and itching. Usually 1-10 days Exclude from school until child has been treated with antibiotics for at least a full 24 hours. Encourage good hand washing. Avoid close contact with other children. Bacteria spreads by direct con- tact with persons or articles freshly soiled with discharges from nose or throat of patient; airborne transmission also oc- curs. Usually caused by staphy- lococcus or streptococcus. Infectious Mononucleosis Fever, sore throat, tiredness, and swollen glands, especially behind the neck. Sometimes there is a rash. Often children have no symptoms at all. 4-6 weeks Exclude from school until the child is well enough to return to normal activities. Epstein-Barr virus spreads person to person through saliva; spread can also occur by kissing or sharing items such as drinking cups, bottles or toys. Lice (head) Itching of the scalp. Look for: 1) crawling lice in the hair, 2) eggs (nits) glued to the hair near the scalp, and 3) scratch marks on scalp or back of neck at hairline. Nits (eggs) hatch in 6-10 days Exclude from school at the end of the school day until first treatment is completed. Louse transmitted primarily by direct contact with infested persons. Lice can also be trans- mitted through combs, brushes, bedding, wearing apparel, head- wear including hair ornaments, helmets, and sleeping bags. 12 SCHOOL ACTION AND COMMENTS ON COMMUNICABILITY ahschools.us/policies SOURCE OF INFECTION AND MODE OF TRANSMISSION 2019-20 School Handbook