ReMed 2018 Remed 5 - Histoire de la Médecine | Page 9

residents with technicalities it also imprints them with
all tacit behaviors that no textbook nor teacher bothers
talking about anymore because they seem too obvious to
be explained 7 .

In conclusion, some might entertain the
preposterous idea that the future holds no place for
surgery 1 , arguing that in an era where nanotechnolo- gies are taking over every field, the minimally invasive
might be replaced by the molecularly invasive. I per-
sonally think that surgery could never be lost. How so?
When it keeps rising up to all and every challenge put
up to it? But this particular bias of mine can only be
effectively proven (right or wrong) by time.
References:
1- Gawande A. Two Hundred Years of Surgery. New England
Journal of Medicine. 2012;366(18):1716-1723.
2- Brennan F, Carr D, Cousins M. Pain Management: A
Fundamental Human Right. Anesthesia & Analgesia.
2007;105(1):205-221.
3- Bielefeldt K. Black Bile of Melancholy or Gallstones of
Biliary Colics: Historical Perspectives on Cholelithiasis. Di-
gestive Diseases and Sciences. 2014;59(11):2623-2634.
4- Wartolowska K, Beard D, Carr A. The use of placebos in
controlled trials of surgical interventions: a brief history.
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 2018;111(5):177-
182.
5- Silber J, Romano P, Itani K, Rosen A, Small D, Lipner R et
al. Assessing the Effects of the 2003 Resident Duty Hours
Reform on Internal Medicine Board Scores. Academic Medi-
cine. 2014;89(4):644-651.
6- Freischlag J, Kibbe M. The Evolution of Surgery. JAMA.
2014;312(17):1737.
7- Kneebone R, Woods A. Recapturing the History of Surgical
Practice Through Simulation-based Re-enactment. Medical
History. 2013;58(01):106-121. 8- Auyang E, Soper N. Cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. In:
Zinner M, Ashley S, ed. by. Maingot’s ABDOMINAL OPERA-
TION. 12th ed. 2013.
9- Ou L, Chen J, Hillman K, Flabouris A, Parr M, Assareh H et
al. The impact of post-operative sepsis on mortality after
hospital discharge among elective surgical patients: a pop-
ulation-based cohort study. Critical Care. 2017;21(1).
10- Coccolini F, Catena F, Pisano M, Gheza F, Fagiuoli S, Di
Saverio S et al. Open versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy
in acute cholecystitis. Systematic review and meta-analysis.
International Journal of Surgery. 2015;18:196-204.
11- Beloeil H, Sulpice L. Peri-operative pain and its conse-
quences. Journal of Visceral Surgery. 2016;153(6):S15-S18.
12- Hróbjartsson A, Boutron I. Blinding in Randomized Clin-
ical Trials: Imposed Impartiality. Clinical Pharmacology &
Therapeutics. 2011;90(5):732-736.
13- Sibbald B, Roland M. Understanding controlled trials:
Why are randomised controlled trials important?. BMJ.
1998;316(7126):201-201.
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