REIT ASIAPAC MAGAZINE REITASIAPAC 4Q 2018 ISSUE | Page 12

REIT ASIAPAC L E G I S L AT I O N but in 2018, there were as many as ten issuances. Among them were offerings by Japan Real Estate Investment Corporation (JRE), Japan Excellent Inc (JEI), and Nippon Prologis REIT (NPR). The net proceeds of these bonds have been used to finance buildings or projects that meet the green eligibility criteria. Such issuance has also helped to expand the REIT’s investor base. Legislation JAPAN REITS STEP UP ESG INITIATIVES, BUT CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STILL LAGS “Green initiatives have been the easiest for J-REITs to tackle and many companies have pursued energy saving and protective environment initiatives within their property portfolios,” says Rico Kanthatham, Managing Director and Portfolio Manager at Barings. Rico Kanthatham, Managing Director and Portfolio Manager at Barings Links between the manager of the REIT and its major shareholder (sponsor) spark management fee and related party-transaction controversy. Invincible defends its stance. MANAGEMENT FEES SHOULD BE ALIGNED WITH UNITHOLDERS’ INTEREST “An example is a tendency for some J-REITs to issue dilutive equity to fund property acquisitions often under the influence of heavy- handed sponsors,” explains Rico Kanthatham, Managing Director and Portfolio Manager at Barings. However, the industry’s effort in governance is lagging, particularly concerning related-party transactions and management fee structures. The management fee structure of a REIT has been contentious. REITs in the Asia Pacific are predominantly externally managed by a REIT manager, who is usually appointed by the sponsor. In most REITs, the sponsor is also a major shareholder. The REIT pays the manager a fee in return for management services. The manager has a fiduciary duty to act in the best interest of unitholders; however, links between the sponsor and the manager increase the risk that they will act in the sponsor’s interest at the expense of minority unitholders. The fee structure should align the interest of the unitholders with those of the manager to ensure fair governance. “In such situations, shareholders have virtually no voice in the matter, no way of expressing their displeasure for such decisions or effecting what they perceive as necessary changes into the management structure. The only recourse for investors is to sell shares of the company in question.” Most REITs in Japan follow this fee structure, which isn’t illegal. However, three REITs—Kenedix Retail REIT, GLP J-REIT, and Ichigo Hotel REIT—have voluntarily changed their management fee structure to be aligned with share price performance or Distribution Per Unit (DPU). Kenedix Retail REIT has introduced its DPU-linked management fee structure since its initial public offering in 2015. To link the asset management fees even more closely with unitholder interests, it started “investment unit performance fee” in 2018. This new fee will be paid if the total return on Kenedix Retail’s investment unit exceeds the total shareholder return of the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE) REIT Total Return Index. While companies such as GLP J-REIT, Ichigo Hotel REIT, and Kenedix Retail REIT have focused on improving their Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) standards, others have remained less prominent in their efforts in integrating these factors into their investment process. GLP J-REIT implemented performance-linked fees and management incentive bonuses for the asset manager. Around two-thirds of the fees received by the asset manager are linked to Net Operating Income and Earnings Per Unit (EPU), while the bonuses for major executives are based on EPU and to the relative unit price performance against the Tokyo Stock Exchange’s REIT Index. Among J-REITs, developments in the environmental aspect have seen rapid progress, in part because of the establishment of government guidelines and the ease with which companies can set up green schemes. The Ministry of Environment of Japan published its Green Bond Guidelines in March 2017. In FY2017, no green bonds were issued for the funding of green buildings, Tokyo Tower 12 13