RASH Manual RASH Manual | Page 14

Water infiltration What is it? and ruler to measure how quickly the water soaks into the ground in six minutes. Multiply by 10 to estimate the infiltration rate in millimetres per hour. Score the result using the Water Infiltration Score system and complete the Bullseye Score Card. Infiltration measures how readily water enters the soil through the surface. It shows how quickly rainfall will enter the soil and how much will run off. Why it is important: Measuring method: The more rainfall that enters the soil profile, the more will be available for plant growth. So it is important that as much water enters the soil during each rainfall event as possible for that land type. High levels of runoff lead to erosion and gully formation. The infiltration capacity of soil is related to its texture, structure and pasture cover levels. For any given soil type, the better the structure, the better the infiltration. This results in more plant-available water for pasture growth through the year. At a minimum, water infiltration can be assessed at one point along your transect. Walk 15 paces along the transect and use this point to conduct the test. If the monitoring point has a high tussock grass, or shrub, conduct the test directly adjacent to the plant. If the plant is low to the ground, cut it off close to ground level and test at that point. Be consistent. Note if the test was carried out over, or adjacent to, a plant to ensure consistency the following year. For more accurate monitoring, conduct the test three times along the transect and calculate an average. Walk along the transect and stop every seven paces to conduct the test. How to assess it: Infiltration is measured by pouring a volume of water into an infiltrometer ring (a piece of PVC or steel pipe about 120 to 200mm in diameter) hammered partially into the ground. Equipment: Hardwood board, mallet or small sledge hammer, infiltrometer ring, ruler, stopwatch or smartphone, shears,10L bucket, a few litres of water. Where possible, pour the water gently onto an open hand, through cheesecloth, or onto a sponge into the infiltrometer. Use a stopwatch Scoring the Water Infiltration Rate Score results using the table below: Results mm/hr 0 to 25 25 to 10 100 to 250 More than 250 Scoring guide Poor Moderate Good Very good Score 0 1 2 3 Write the infiltration rate score on the Bullseye Score Card and fill in the bullseye. If three tests were conducted, use the average score. 14 - RASH MANUAL