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Table 2. Conversion factors( CF T) from external to internal dose and their respective organ sensitivity factors( w T)( ICRP, 2007; Bacchim Neto et al., 2017).
Outer region Inner region w T( P w T = 1) CF T
Eye lens |
Brain |
0.01 |
0.15 |
|
Salivary Glands |
0.01 |
0.25 |
|
Oral Mucosa |
0.01 |
0.26 |
Thyroid |
Thyroid |
0.04 |
0.03 |
Chest |
Esophagus |
0.04 |
0.014 |
|
Thoracic Spine |
0.12 |
0.013 |
|
Ribs |
0.01 |
0.032 |
|
Sternum |
0.01 |
0.035 |
|
Lung |
0.12 |
0.02 |
|
Heart |
0.01 |
0.021 |
|
Breast |
0.12 |
0.049 |
Abdomen |
Colon |
0.12 |
0.035 |
|
Stomach |
0.12 |
0.036 |
|
Gonads |
0.08 |
0.049 |
|
Bladder |
0.04 |
0.016 |
|
Liver |
0.04 |
0.021 |
|
Extrathoracic Region |
0.01 |
0.049 |
|
Gall bladder |
0.01 |
0.025 |
|
Kidneys / Adrenals |
0.01 |
0.011 |
|
Pancreas |
0.01 |
0.012 |
|
Prostate |
0.01 |
0.01 |
|
Small intestine |
0.01 |
0.035 |
|
Spleen |
0.01 |
0.017 |
|
Timo |
0.01 |
0.032 |
|
Uterus |
0.01 |
0.015 |
Hand |
Skin |
0.005 |
– |
Foot |
Skin |
0.005 |
– |
3 Results
Dosimetry was performed according to the interventional modalities, and the number of procedures evaluated is presented in Table 3.
3.1 Equivalent dose profiles per modality 3.1.1 Coronary angiography
The equivalent dose values for coronary angiography are presented in Figure 3. The highest doses for Interventionist A were found in the abdomen and hand regions( medians: 33 and 41 mSv), and for Interventionist B, the highest doses were measured in the lens and thorax( medians: 4 and 3 mSv). All doses were estimated on the individual plumbiferous protections.
3.1.2 Coronary angioplasty
For coronary angioplasty, presented in Figure 4, the highest doses for Interventionist A were in the abdomen and hand( medians: 120 and 110 mSv). For Interventionist B, the highest exposure levels were found in the lens, abdomen, and hand( medians: 45, 110, and 130 mSv).
3.1.3 Cerebral angiography
In Figure 5, the highest doses presented for Interventionists A and B were found in the lens and hands. For Interventionist A, the highest doses were in the lens, thorax, and hands( medians: 60 mSv, 50 mSv, and 120 mSv). For Interventionist B, the highest doses were in the lens and hands( medians: 60 and 70 mSv).
3.1.4 Peripheral angiography
The results for peripheral angiography are presented in Figure 6. The highest exposures for Interventionist A were in the lens, abdomen, and hand regions( medians: 160 mSv, 270 mSv, and 440 mSv). For Interventionist B, the highest exposures were in the lens, feet, and hands regions( medians: 140 mSv, 120 mSv, and 170 mSv).
3.1.5 Peripheral angioplasty
In Figure 7, for the peripheral angioplasty modality, Interventionist A presented the highest exposure levels in the lens, abdomen, hand, and foot regions( medians: 160 mSv, 180 mSv, 180 mSv, and 150 mSv). Interventionist B presented the highest exposure levels in the lens, abdomen, and hand regions( medians: 80 mSv, 110 mSv, and 130 mSv).