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Beyond energy efficiency , sustainability efforts extend to heat management and waste reduction . " Heat exchanger facilities are now integrated into data centre designs to repurpose excess heat for community use . This approach not only enhances energy efficiency within data centres but also supports district heating systems , contributing to local sustainability initiatives ,” said Shandaya .
Another frontier in sustainability is liquid cooling , known for its higher heat dissipation efficiency compared to traditional air-based systems . " Liquid cooling systems can repurpose waste heat for domestic hot water production , highlighting its potential in regions with diverse climate needs .”
Looking ahead , the panel underscored the role of computational simulations in optimising data centre designs . By analysing heat recirculation within cooling systems , one can identify inefficiencies and improve heat management strategies . This analytical approach not only enhances operational efficiency but also supports sustainable design practices .
Young highlighted a significant challenge posed by the increasing heat density within data centres . " With server loads growing and the heat buildup intensifying , the challenge lies in efficiently removing this heat . This dilemma is exacerbated by stagnant rack sizes coupled with the escalating heat output from modern equipment , placing strains on available space and cooling systems .”
From a supplier ' s perspective , Shandaya listed challenges such as oversizing equipment during initial design phases . " Data centres often end up with more cooling capacity than practically required . This oversizing leads to inefficiencies and suboptimal performance , as operational demands may deviate from initial projections over time , impacting service level agreements and overall system efficiency .”
Papadapoulos emphasised the critical role of airflow management in mitigating operational challenges . " Despite best practices in airflow design , limitations or deviations can lead to imbalances , high pressures , and unintended leakages . These factors not only affect cooling efficiency but also contribute to maintenance complexities and potential disruptions in operational stability .”
Addressing external heat rejection , he highlighted how design decisions impact the efficiency of cooling grids . " Factors such as extreme temperatures or geographical location can significantly influence air density and equipment sizing . This is particularly pertinent in regions with varying climatic conditions , where adapting cooling strategies becomes essential for maintaining optimal performance and energy efficiency .”
Young provided insights into the unique challenges of building data centres at high altitudes , citing the example of locations like Quito , Ecuador , which sits at 1 700m above sea level . " At higher altitudes , air density decreases , affecting the efficiency of cooling equipment . This necessitates adjustments in equipment sizing and capacity planning to compensate for reduced air density and ensure effective heat dissipation .”
RACA Journal I September 2024
CHALLENGES AND FUTURE DIRECTION WHILE ADAPTING DATA CENTRE COOLING TO AI Panellists explored the implications of AI on traditional cooling methods and outlined strategies for future-ready infrastructure .
Young began by addressing the significant heat output generated by AI systems , reaching as high as 50kW per rack . " AI systems are power-hungry and generate substantial heat , posing new challenges for cooling infrastructure . This surge in heat production necessitates reevaluating traditional cooling methods , prompting considerations for more efficient cooling technologies like liquid cooling .”
Recognising the diversity in cooling needs , the discussion turned to hybrid data centres . " Hybrid data centres integrate both air and liquid cooling solutions to optimise efficiency and address varying heat densities ," Young highlighted . This approach allows for tailored cooling solutions where high-performance computing clusters ( such as those supporting AI workloads ) can benefit from liquid cooling , while conventional servers continue to rely on air cooling .
Papadapoulos expanded on the challenges of integrating hybrid cooling solutions into existing infrastructure . " The shift towards AI necessitates modifications in cooling strategies . It ' s not just about efficiency but also about adaptability . This involves evaluating space constraints , power requirements , and operational logistics to accommodate both high-density AI servers and traditional data centre equipment .”
Discussing the future landscape , panellists underscored the importance of design considerations in mitigating environmental impact . Efficient cooling design must factor in environmental conditions like ambient temperatures and local microclimates . This holistic approach ensures optimal performance while minimising energy consumption and operational costs .
In addressing the future of cooling technologies , panellists agreed on the need for operational flexibility . " While AI drives the demand for advanced cooling solutions , traditional air cooling methods may still be relevant for certain applications ," Young pointed out . This duality highlights the importance of scalable and adaptable cooling infrastructure that can evolve alongside technological advancements .
Panellists stressed the inevitability of hybrid cooling solutions as data centres continue to evolve . The future lies in integrating diverse cooling technologies that cater to varying workload demands . This adaptive approach not only meets current AIdriven demands but also lays the foundation for sustainable and resilient data centre operations in the years ahead .
PROS AND CONS OF RAISED FLOORS The discussion shifted towards the merits and drawbacks of raised floors in data centre environments , considering airflow management , installation convenience , and practical limitations as canters scale in size and complexity .
Bester pointed out the following conveniences and advantages in data centre settings : www . refrigerationandaircon . co . za