www . refrigerationandaircon . co . za RACA Journal I November 2024 7
News
• To address need for trained qualified and certified personnel in South Africa is a national requirement in the NSDS
The status quo with regards phase down and phase out of refrigerants is as follows :
Summary of Montreal Protocol control measures : existing or recycled controlled substances beyond the phase out dates .
2 . Further information on these ozone depleting substances can be seen in the United Nations Environment Programmeme Ozone Secretariat ' s Handbook for the International Treaties for the Protection of the Ozone Layer .
Ozone depleting substances Developed countries Developing countries Chlorofluorocarbons ( CFCs ) Phased out end of 1995 Phased out end of 2010 ( RSA end of 1995 ) Halons Phased out end of 1993 Phased out end of 2010 CCl4 ( Carbon tetrachloride ) Phased out end of 1995 Phased out end of 2010 CH3CCl3 ( Methyl chloroform ) Phased out end of 1995 Phased out end of 2015
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons ( HCFCs )
Freeze from beginning of 1996 35 % reduction by 2004 75 % reduction by 2010 90 % reduction by 2015 Total phase out by 2020
Hydrobromofluorocarbons ( HBFCs ) Phased out end of 1995 Phased out end of 1995
Methyl bromide ( CH3Br ) ( horticultural uses )
Freeze in 1995 at 1991 base level 25 % reduction by 1999 50 % reduction by 2001 70 % reduction by 2003 Phased out end of 2005
Bromochloromethane ( CH2BrCl ) Phased out end of 2002 Phased out end of 2002
Hydrofluorocarbons ( HFCs )
10 % reduction by 2019 30 % reduction by 2024 70 % reduction by 2029 80 % reduction by 2034 85 % reduction by 2036
Freeze in 2013 at a base level calculated as the average of 2009 and 2010 consumption levels 10 % reduction by 2015 35 % reduction by 2020 67.5 % reduction by 2025 Total phase out by 2030
Freeze in 2002 at average 1995-1998 base levels 20 % reduction by 2005 Phased out end of 2015
Freeze in 2024 10 % reduction by 2029 30 % reduction by 2035 50 % reduction by 2040 80 % reduction by 2045
Note :
• With the exception of a small number of internationally agreed essential uses that are considered critical to human health and / or laboratory and analytical procedures .
• Up to 0.5 % of base level consumption can be used from 2020 until 2030 for servicing existing refrigeration and air conditioning equipment .
• Up to 2.5 % of base level consumption can be used until 2040 for servicing existing equipment , subject to review in 2025 .
• Some countries with economies in transition have a slightly delayed start to the HFC phase-down but catch up to other developed party commitments by 2029 .
Some developing countries have a delayed start to the HFC phasedown , starting their freeze in 2028 instead of 2024 and finishing at 85 % reduction by 2047 .
Notes :
1 . The timetable set by the Montreal Protocol applies to bulk consumption of ozone depleting substances . Consumption is defined as the quantities manufactured plus imported , less those quantities exported in any given year . Percentage reductions relate to the designated ' base year ' for the substance . The Montreal Protocol does not forbid the use of
With the next sitting of the National Ozone Unit under the Department of Forestry , Fisheries and the Environment , timetables may be adjusted , and more light should be shed on the subject .
History has shown that with the CFC phase out the process was equipment rather than refrigerant driven , that is the supply of CFC equipment ceased ahead of the refrigerant phase out dates . HCFC is following a similar trend and HFCs have entered the phase down process as of this year ( 2024 ) and is set to do the same . Industry will need to take cognisance of these trends moving forward . RACA
Grant Laidlaw
REFERENCES : 1 . Office of the President communiqué 2 . The National Ozone Unit , NOU 3 . Draft 9 th National greenhouse Gas Inventory Report for RSA 4 . The Climate Change Bill 5 . The Department of Forestry , Fisheries and the Environment ,
DFFE 6 . The United Nations Industrial Development Organisation ,
UNIDO 7 . Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Academy , ACRA
www . refrigerationandaircon . co . za RACA Journal I November 2024 7