RACA Journal April 2020 | Page 15

International News UNEP DEVELOPS TOOLKIT TO PROMOTE CLIMATE-SMART URBANISATION Compiled by Ntsako Khosa T he United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change secretariat, and the Commonwealth Secretariat, in collaboration with several United Nations entities, have developed a law and climate change Global heating has been described as the ‘defining issue of our time’. An effective response to climate change requires deliberate and sustained action from both state and non-state actors that is anchored in nationally determined contributions. Implementing these contributions requires supportive regulatory and institutional frameworks and a regular assessment of their adequacy and effectiveness. UN-Habitat – in partnership with UNEP, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change secretariat, and the Commonwealth Secretariat – held a panel discussion at the World Urban Forum in Abu Dhabi in February to showcase how the law and climate change toolkit works. “The toolkit is an innovative online database designed to help countries establish legal frameworks necessary for effective domestic implementation of the Paris Agreement and their nationally determined contributions,” says María Socorro Manguiat, senior legal officer in UNEP’s Law Division. “Urban law defines urban forms, where land, infrastructure, housing and basic services can be built; lays out rules for planning and decision-making; and sets the context within which urban authorities, local governments and communities are expected to fulfil their mandate and react to emerging challenges.” UN-Habitat has led the development of the urban law module of the toolkit, which was developed in recognition of the close nexus between urbanisation and climate change. “The urban law module aims to demonstrate, in very concrete terms, how important urban planning laws and regulations are in achieving climate mitigation and adaptation objectives, and what laws and regulations you should have to make them ‘climate- smart’,” says Gianluca Crispi, Programme Management officer, Policy, Legislation and Governance Section, UN-Habitat. During the Forum, UNEP presented strategies and approaches to improve urban planning and management. These included a microsimulation modelling tool to support data gathering, and air quality monitoring to make informed decisions. www.hvacronline.co.za toolkit to promote climate-smart urbanisation. UNEP provides technical assistance to countries in the review and development of their national legislation, drawing on examples and best practice from around the world and in collaboration with other entities such as UN-Habitat. “Urban legal frameworks play an important role in climate change mitigation and adaptation,” says Sharon Gil from UNEP’s Cities Unit. “The toolkit is an innovative and a very useful instrument to help countries review their domestic legislation.” Globally, an estimated 3.6 billion cooling appliances are in use today. UNEP EMISSIONS GAP REPORT On the eve of a year in which nations are due to strengthen their Paris climate pledges, a new UN Environment Programme (UNEP) report warns that unless global greenhouse gas emissions fall by 7.6% each year between 2020 and 2030, the world will miss the opportunity to get on track towards the 1.5°C temperature goal of the Paris Agreement. UNEP’s annual Emissions Gap Report says that even if all current unconditional commitments under the Paris Agreement are implemented, temperatures are expected to rise by 3.2°C, bringing even wider-ranging and more destructive climate impacts. Collective ambition must increase more than fivefold over current levels to deliver the cuts needed over the next decade for the 1.5°C goal. 2020 is a critical year for climate action, with the UN climate change conference in Glasgow aiming to determine the future RACA Journal I April 2020 13