QYR Market Research Global electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) | Page 3

QYResearch • The Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide (EMD) industry has developed maturely all the world, full of competition and challenge. The industry concentration is high and dominated by few manufacturers from China, Japan, Greece USA and Spain etc. There is less than 30 manufacturers distributed in China, India, USA, Europe, Japan, Australia, Greece and Spain etc. • In North America, the market is dominated by Prince (acquired ERACHEM in 2016) and Tronox Limited; In Europe, the market is dominated by Tosoh (Greece) and Cegasa; in Japan, the only producer is Tosoh.