Quarry Southern Africa July 2019 | Page 37

BENEFICIATION best products to build with due to their lower life cycle carbon footprint,” says Von Wielligh. The tunnel kiln, which Corobrik currently uses to manufacture bricks, is generally considered the most efficient type of mass-production kiln in the world. A large portion of competitor companies are using older, less-efficient firing technologies, such as clamp kilns, and are under increasing pressure because of the technologies’ environmental impact. Von Wielligh says the biggest challenge with his tunnel kiln – and others of its 30-year-old generation – is that energy is the biggest input cost in brickmaking, and at best only incremental changes can be made to the energy consumption of existing plant. “Major improvements have been made in technology over the years in terms of energy efficiency – as installed at Corobrik’s new factory under construction. The reject rate at the highly automated Midrand plant is 1-2%, while the equivalent rate at a labour-intensive clamp kiln is 10- 20%. The difference is the level of handling. Because energy is the biggest expense, Von Wielligh explains that every innovation has as its starting point reducing gas consumption (as well as improving brick quality). This is primarily achieved by www.quarryonline.co.za  Wet cut bricks being machine loaded onto kiln cars. reducing the mass of the brick, and using as much as possible of the carbonaceous material from the quarry as heating fuel. Further refinements to the processing procedure have resulted in a reduction in the water usage – such as reducing the bulk of the bricks with air holes. Von Wielligh explains that reducing water consumption in the process also reduces the energy consumption. “In addition, by replacing light bulbs we’ve taken 50kW/hour out of the system. We’ve also replaced the compressor with a newer model that uses considerably less energy. In total, we’ve taken out over 100 000kW hours a month, and are looking to pilot solar panels for the administration block, potentially expanding on that if it proves viable,” he says.  QUARRY SA | JULY/AUGUST 2019_35