Quarry Southern Africa January 2018 | Page 12

BUSINESS Caffeine and medication can both contribute to poor sleep, leading to fatigue. identify signs such as yawning, this is not sufficient for actually measuring the levels of fatigue that employees experience, or identifying when such levels impact their fitness to operate. Section 11 of the Mine Health and Safety Act (MHSA) requires the employer to identify hazards and assess the health and safety risks employees may be exposed to while at work, and then eliminate the risk, if possible, or otherwise control or minimise it. The purpose of the COP on fatigue management is to set out how these risks will be addressed. Part of the COP refers to the fatigue management plan that mines must draw up so as to ‘maintain and, where possible, enhance safety, performance and productivity in operational settings, and manage the risk of fatigue in the workplace’. According to Dr Doug Potter, a fatigue management specialist for Predictive Safety, the fatigue levels of mineworkers can be managed through the implementation of procedures such as mandatory rest periods. However, he stresses that when operations introduce a fatigue identification and management process, the measures must not be punitive. “While it is the duty of the employee to report for duty fit to work, there are some things that are beyond our control. Someone might be getting insufficient sleep – or insufficient quality of sleep – due to shift work, or a baby at home, for example,” Potter explains. “There are so many factors that affect sleep quality, and we can give people every tool in existence to deal with fatigue, and send them to every fatigue class, but sometimes, life is going to happen, and we need to be ready to deal with that. If a person knows that telling their manager they’re fatigued means that they’ll be sent home and have their pay docked, or that they’ll be fired, they are not going to be motivated to do it.” He adds that undiagnosed medical conditions are a common cause of ongoing fatigue. “Often, when we come in and do fatigue assessments, we find that there is a medical basis of some sort – the person has sleep apnoea, for example, or high blood pressure, some chronic disease that's in the background. When you identify and treat these conditions, this can have a significant effect on a person’s fatigue levels.” In terms of implementing measures that go beyond fatigue breaks, such as fatigue – or ‘nap’ – stations, there is a general feeling that employees will take advantage of such facilities if they are provided. However, this is not the case, Potter explains. If anything, it is the opposite. “We have actually built a complete fatigue centre where we can measure a person’s fatigue levels and score their alertness using a computer software system called PRISM – we have every tool we could possibly need to measure and monitor fatigue,” he says. “When we put in nine fatigue stations for the men and four for the women – there were between 120 and 180 people working each shift – everybody said that the stations would be overrun, and everyone would abuse them. This just has not happened. INFORM AND EDUCATE An appropriate information, education and awareness programme should be put in place to create awareness and educate all employees and their families on the impact of fatigue in the workplace, their role in managing the risks and the controls in the workplace. The programme should provide information and education on: • The factors that cause fatigue. • The signs and symptoms of fatigue. • The risks of fatigue in the daily execution of their duties and the factors that cause fatigue. 10 _ QUARRY SA | JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2018 • • • The action they can take when feeling the effects of fatigue during their shift. The impact of shift work, the importance of quality sleep and good nutrition to combat the effects of shift work. How to maintain an environment that will allow good quality sleep. Source: Guideline for the compilation of a mandatory code of practice (COP) for risk-based fatigue management at mines (2014).