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THE BR EAKING WHEEL A wheel has always been considered as a symbol of life cycle – the beginning and the end. In this case, it will pre- sent the end of life. We will discuss the Wheel as a form of torture and execution machine. This method was used in middle ages and early mo- dern period in countries such as France, Germany, Italy, Slavic countries, Den- mark, Sweden, Romania or Russia. It was not applied in England and in Scotland it was used but only locally. It was stopped from being used in Europe at the end of 18th century. In Prussia, it was used for longer time and that was up to the year 1841. Breaking Wheel was used on people who committed a very serious crime, such as the murder of multiple peo- ple, the murder of parents, betrayal of the ruler, an ex- tensive robbery or rape of a virgin. 104 Process of torture Firstly the martyr was out- sretched on saltire (cross that is made from wood be- ams that were nailed in a shape of X). When his legs were outstretched the mar- tyr was entangled into the toes of the wheel. The exe- cutioner was smashing his limbs and torso with a stick or with a hard iron thing and then he broke his neck - this method was mostly used in French. The maimed body was left on the Wheel for au- dience and public. Article by: Nikola Kotláriková Sources of es: 1. http://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/ enwiki/99764