Pulse Legacy Archive June 2012 | Seite 24

voices Human Stem Cells: RUSLAN SEMECHKIN, Ph.D., is president and CEO of Lifeline Skin Care, a subsidiary of International Stem Cell Corporation. Semechkin joined International Stem Cell as Head of the Neurology Division in December 2008 and was appointed Vice President in June 2010. An active member of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists and the International Society for Stem Cell Research, he has lectured on innovations in stem cell biology, including the use of stem cells in neurology and skin regeneration. For more information about stem cells and Lifeline Skin Care, visit lifelineskincare.com. Breaking Down the Complexity Despite hearing the term “human stem cell” for years now as a medical breakthrough, there are still a lot of controversy and confusion surrounding this scientific innovation. What are the different types of human stem cells? How are stem cells changing the medical field today? What are its implications to the skin-care world? Pulse taps the medical expertise of Ruslan Semechkin, Ph.D.—president and CEO of Lifeline Skin Care, a subsidiary to International Stem Cell Corporation— to break down the complex world of human stem cells. What are stem cells? Stem cells are a part of all living things: Plants, animals and humans. They have the remarkable ability to develop into different cell types and continue to divide (scientifically known as proliferation) almost indefinitely. These two properties are what make stem cells so valuable in many fields, including tissue repair and skin rejuvenation. Although there is still much debate in the scientific community as to the actual process of aging, one theory is that as we age the pool of stem cells in our bodies gets smaller, and correspondingly, our ability to heal ourselves or simply replace damaged cells decreases. The assumption behind all cosmeceutical applications of stem cellderived ingredients is that this process can somehow be slowed down or reversed. This has generated tremendous interest in the use of human stem cells in skin care. However, one of the most important things to understand is that no product uses live human stem cells as an ingredient; rather, the stem cells are cultivated, processed and the resulting extracts are used as raw material. l Pluripotent: A type of human stem cell derived from eggs or genetically reproAre all human stem cells made equal? grammed adult cells with the ability to Not all human stem cells are born equal. There become almost any cell in the body. are fundamentally two main classes of human l Multipotent: A type of human stem cell stem cells: 1) Pluripotent and 2) multipotent. that can only form closely related cell types Pluripotent stem cells have the ability to become or different cell types within the same almost any cell in the body and are derived from “germ layer.” oocytes (eggs) or from genetically reprogrammed l Embryonic (ESC): Fertilized or eggadult cells. If the stem cells are derived from eggs, derived stem cells. the eggs can be fertilized, in which case, we use l Parthenogenetic (PSC): Unfertilized or non egg-derived stem cells. the term embryonic stem cells (ESC). If the stem cells are unfertilized, we call them partheno- GLOSSARY BREWING UP IDEAS? TAKING A STAND? START THE CONVERSATION. Pulse would love to hear from you. Send in your Voices contribution to ispa@ispastaff.com. 22 PULSE n June 2012