Publications from ODSW Social Insights: Letters by DSW (Vol 2) | Page 116

Practice Issues
to see specific improvements in the family’s situation as a result of their
planned interventions. However, there are times when progress is not so
easily achieved.
Using the systems theory to analyse family circumstances, social workers
can determine the factors that create barriers to change. Sometimes, these
barriers are internal, such as having low motivation or limited ability to carry
out basic functional tasks. At other times, these barriers are external such as
barriers in the community, societal perceptions, or the lack of measures to
protect the interests of individuals.
When social workers encounter difficulties in linking people to community
resources, or in making sure that the services are adequate to address the
need, they are confronted with the need for policy practice, and for making
changes in the community and social systems. In such circumstances, services
may need to be expanded or created. Every now and then, emerging
trends, demographic changes, and changes in family structures can also
create challenges for carers. As such, better social protection measures may
need to be considered.
Sometimes, macro-practice changes will require great effort and time before
changes can take hold. This is because the targets of change may include
several environmental components – such as new laws, changes in agency
policies, or additional resources. In general, a long-term solution usually
takes time, and may not offer much hope for immediate relief. At times,
a law may be introduced as in the case of the Vulnerable Persons Bill to
prepare for emerging and future conditions.

Lessons in Policy Making
What then are some of the lessons that practitioners have garnered over the
decades in shaping policy deliberations and outcomes?
Lesson 1: Being clear about purpose. It is always useful to be clear about
why we do what we do, and to do things right. We have to be able to have
the vision that is anchored in what children, young people, families, older
persons, and those with disabilities need in order for us to move the agenda
and to improve lives.
Lesson 2: Being results focused. Being results focused involves having
strong analytical, problem solving, communication and social skills. These
have to be coupled with empathy. Leaders who are skilful in bringing about
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