Characteristics of Early Adolescents
Physical:
1.
Rapid growth spurts. Different parts of the body grow at various rates (hands & feet vs. arms & legs; nose,
jaw & ears vs. other facial bones).
v bones grow faster than muscles which can cause growth problems
v body movements may be awkward or embarrassing
2.
Growth spurts differ for boys and girls.
v girls: l1-13.5 years; boys: 13-15.5 years
v differences cause problems between and within the sexes
v early and late maturation
3.
Development of secondary sex characteristics.
v voice changes, growth of beard, chest hair, pubic hair
v beginning of menstruation and ejaculation
v broadening of boys' shoulders, breast development
4.
Changes in basal metabolism often lead to restless behavior and listless or lethargic behavior at other times.
v rapid growth spurts cause decrease in endurance
v ossification of cartilage in epiphyseal areas contributes to “squirmy” behavior
5.
Alterations in blood sugar stability may cause needs for release of energy and/or nutritional breaks.
6.
Body image is crucial part of self-concept.
v students are overly-conscious of physical appearance
v acne and poor posture are common
Emotional and Social:
1.
Desire independence, but need adult security.
v causes internal conflicts
v may appear rebellious toward adults and unaccepting of adult criticism
v often, easily offended and believes that adults cannot understand them
v may seem insensitive and inconsiderate of others
2.
Test adult value systems and become reliant on peer groups.
v family conflicts arise as loyalty shifts to friends
3.
Operates under dichotomous beliefs.
v seeks attention but doesn't want to stand out in the crowd
v “It never happens to anyone else; it always happens to me.” OR “It never happens to me.”
4.
Mood swings are common - anger, sadness, jealousy, affection.
5.
Critical of self; increasing capacity for self-reflection.
v think about fairness and values in others (but not always in themselves)
PROTEAM DRE