4.3 TECHNICAL REFERENCES
4.3 TECHNICAL REFERENCES
4.3.1 METRIC CONVERSIONS AND EQUIVALENTS
The Metric Conversion Act of 1975 , as amended by the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988 , establishes the SI ( System International ) metric system as the preferred system of measurement in the United States .
Many products are currently manufactured and supplied in SI or “ hard ” metric sizes such as anchor bolts of 10 mm , 12 mm , 26 mm , etc . diameter . Where the inch-pound system is given or used , “ soft ” metric conversion can sometimes be used ( but specifically not when selecting a drill bit for installing mechanical anchors , where it is critical to only use the specified Imperial or metric diameter bit ). The soft conversion diameters for anchor bolts is given by Table 1 . Standard metric conversion factors commonly used for fastening products are given in Tables 2 and 3 .
Table 1 : Diameters
Inch-pound system In .
Hard metric conversion mm
Use for soft metric mm
1 / 4 |
6.35 |
6 |
5 / 16 |
7.94 |
8 |
3 / 8 |
9.52 |
10 |
1 / 2 |
12.70 |
12 |
5 / 8 |
15.88 |
16 |
3 / 4 |
19.05 |
20 |
1 |
25.40 |
25 |
1-1 / 4 |
31.75 |
32 |
Table 2 : Imperial units to SI units To convert Into Multiply by
Table 3 : SI Units to Imperial Units To convert Into Multiply by
Length inch ( in .) millimeter ( mm ) 25.4000 foot ( ft ) meter ( m ) 0.3048
Length millimeter ( mm ) inch ( in .) 0.0394 meter ( m ) foot ( ft ) 3.2808
Area square inch ( in 2 ) |
square millimeter ( mm 2 ) |
645.1600 |
square inch ( in 2 ) |
square centimeter ( cm 2 ) |
6.4516 |
square foot ( ft 2 ) |
square meter ( m 2 ) |
0.0929 |
Area square millimeter ( mm 2 ) |
square inch ( in 2 ) |
0.0016 |
square centimeter ( cm 2 ) |
square inch ( in 2 ) |
0.1550 |
square meter ( m 2 ) |
square foot ( ft 2 ) |
10.7639 |
Volume cubic inch ( in 3 ) |
cubic centimeter ( cm 3 ) |
16.3871 |
cubic foot ( ft 3 ) |
cubic meter ( m 3 ) |
0.0283 |
gallon ( US gal ) |
liter ( L ) |
3.7854 |
Volume cubic centimeter ( cm 3 ) |
cubic inch ( in 3 ) |
0.0610 |
cubic meter ( m 3 ) |
cubic foot ( ft 3 ) |
35.3147 |
liter ( L ) |
gallon ( US gal ) |
0.2642 |
Force pound force ( lbf ) newton ( N ) 4.4482 pound force ( lbf ) kilonewton ( kN ) 0.0044
Force newton ( N ) pound force ( lbf ) 0.2248 kilonewton ( kN ) pound force ( lbf ) 224.8089
Pressure pound / square inch ( psi ) |
newton / square millimeter |
0.0069 |
|
( N / mm 2 ) |
|
pound / square inch ( psi ) |
mega pascal ( MPa ) |
0.0069 |
KIP / square inch ( ksi ) |
mega pascal ( MPa ) |
6.8946 |
pounds / square foot ( psf ) |
newton / square meter ( N / m 2 ) |
47.8801 |
Pressure newton / square |
pound / square inch ( psi ) |
145.0400 |
millimeter ( N / mm 2 ) |
|
|
mega pascal ( MPa ) |
pound / square inch ( psi ) |
145.0400 |
mega pascal ( MPa ) |
KIP / square inch ( ksi ) |
0.1450 |
newton / square meter ( N / m 2 ) |
pounds / square foot ( psf ) |
0.0209 |
Torque or bending moment foot pound ( ft-lb ) newton meter ( Nm ) 1.3558 inch pound ( in-lb ) newton meter ( Nm ) 0.1130
Torque or bending moment newton meter ( Nm ) foot pound ( ft-lb ) 0.7376 newton meter ( Nm ) inch pound ( in-lb ) 8.8496
Diaphragm shear pounds / foot ( plf ) newton / meter ( N / m ) 14.5939
Diaphragm shear newton / meter ( N / m ) pounds / lineal foot ( plf ) 0.0685
236