PROCEEDINGS | Scientific Symposium
development of Baku was not distinguished by the vertical composition , but was represented by cubic volumes of houses . Such religious buildings as the Ashumov ’ s mosque with verticals of minarets and impressive volumes of domes create a typical picture of a multi-stage buildings of the city on the terraces of the Baku amphitheater ( Fatullayev-Figarov , Sh . S ., 1998 ). Adolf Eichler is also an author of many residential buildings in Baku , including several houses on Telephonnaya street , late 1880s and early 1890s , the former school on Kamenistaya Street ( B . Safarogly ), 1901 , and others .
Fig . 10 - Three-story apartment building of Seyid Mirbabaev
Another architect of German origin , Paul Stern , also defined the new architectural face of Baku in the second half of the 19 th - early 20 th centuries . Of special importance among the buildings built by him , is the three-story apartment building of Seyid Mirbabaev on Sadovaya ( Niyazi ) street , 1 , 1896 ( Figure 10 ). The rich plasticity of the facade , the excellently found shape of architectural details , having the individual property of stone processing brought to perfection formed an important aesthetic environment in the image of the building . One can mention that after the construction of that apartment building , the Azneft square changed its architectural appearance to be completed .
Conclusion
Analyzing the work of German architects in Baku , one can note that all the buildings constructed in the 19 th - early 20 th centuries had successfully reflect the characteristic features of the architecture of that era . German architects consistently used in the buildings the features of different architectural styles in combination with national traditional architecture . German architects and engineers , mostly graduated of the St . Petersburg Institute of Civil Engineers and the Imperial Academy of Arts , understood and used local architectural traditions in their own way . In their work , they mainly turned to European models and changed them to the tastes of Baku customers . It should be noted that the local building tradition , deeply followed by German architects and implemented in their immortal works , combined with European styles and traditions , created an opportunity for the appearance of magnificent unique buildings of Baku .
The hardworking German colonists , having moved to the lands of Azerbaijan , accepted this country as their new motherland . Without breaking with their traditions , they managed to accept the local principles . Cultivating the land , equipping their life , they became the true sons of the country . Unfortunately , adverse circumstances had broken their peaceful existence . However , up to this day , former German colonists of Azerbaijan , as well as their descendants , remember warmly their homeland . Visiting architects of German origin also accepted the architectural traditions of the country and applied them in their work with high skill and tact . As a result of this , magnificent architectural masterpieces were created in Baku and other cities of Azerbaijan , that , fortunately , we can see today . One can mentions the sculptural plasticity of the facades , the play of light and shadow on the surface of walls and classic profiles , the excellent processing of details as the main characteristic features of the German architecture of Baku . Each of these architectural monuments occupied an important urban planning position in the structure of cities . Unfortunately , not all of them were correctly adapted to new functions during their life . But they all played an important role in the development of architectural appearance of our cities .
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