PROCEEDINGS | Scientific Symposium
elements . From the House of Shipping there are stone sculptures and the roof of complex shape . From The Titsa Department store in Dusseldorf there is the forged lattice and vertical articulations that give the building geometric accuracy . Relying on analogues of European architects , he created his own unique building .
A notable feature uniting the architecture of Saratov , the capitals of Russia and Western European cities at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries was the metal architectural decor . For decorative purposes , metal was widely used in balconies , gates , parapets and roof finishes . Architects tried to make the most of plastic and expressive means of art casting and forging .
The most common motive was flowing forms , close to natural , plant . What was difficult to convey through materials from previous stages of the development of architecture has now found expression in the metal decor .
The innovation of forms used by Russian Art Nouveau was the result of more or less successful rethinking or borrowing . Most Saratov architects first of all captured the style of the new ornamentation , decor , and not the spatial innovations that the new style discovered . Only in the second half of the 1900s did Russian architectural thought come to understand the problem of the internal expediency of the architectural forms and designs of Art Nouveau .
The existence of Art Nouveau was very short-lived . It managed to leave a mark on the life of both capital and large provincial cities . In the capitals , Art Nouveau opposed historicism and eclecticism with its manifestation . Art Nouveau leaders in the capital cities tried to renew and change the world by means of art . Rationalism in Art Nouveau coexisted with other exquisite styles .
Saratov in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was distinguished by its own development path , despite the fact that , in general , its architecture began with the formation of Russian architecture . It combined the features of metropolitan Russian and European architecture , which in a special way were refracted in regional architecture . That determined the uniqueness of the architectural appearance of the city . Saratov architects rethought and redesigned architectural forms , compositional solutions and principles , constructive solutions developed in Europe and Russia .
Also in Saratov , qualities common to the style developed : smaller volumes of the mansions , proportionality of buildings to the man . All of them are read or can be guessed at a subconscious level very tangibly . The merits of Art Nouveau in the development of both the artistic and practical aspects of architecture are undeniably important . The concepts of style as a combination of arts , an appeal to natural principles , from an aesthetic point of view , integrity and naturalness are read . The buildings of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries are necessary to the modern city . They are important and irreplaceable in it .
References
01 . Naschokina M . V . Modern in Moscow architecture : the problem of originality and Western European influences : dis .... doctor of art history in the form of science . docl .: 18.00.01 : UTV . 21.07.2000 / Naschokina Maria Vladimirovna . Moscow , 2000 . 71 PP .
02 . General history of architecture : 12 T . T . 10 . Architecture of the XIX - early XX centuries / ed . by S . O . Khan-Magomedov ( ed . ed .), P . N . Maksimov , Yu . Yu . Savitsky . Moscow : Stroizdat , 1972 . 296 PP .
03 . M . Y . Ginzburg , Style and epoch : problems of contemporary architecture , Ginzburg ( Electronic resource “ of TULLEN ”. Mode of access : http :// theory . totalarch . com / node / 77 ). 04 . Sarab ’ yanovD . V . Modern . Istoriya stiLya | D . V . Sarab ’ yanov . - M .: GaLart 2001 . 05 . Sarab ’ yanov D . V . StiL ’ modern | D . V . Sarab ’ yanov . - M ., 1995 .
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