Assessing the risk of thermal fracture is an essential task before installing glass , particularly solar control glass . The central area of glass exposed to solar radiation absorbs heat , rises in temperature and expands . The outer edges of the glass , however , shielded from solar radiation by the frame , remain cooler .
Thermal safety is concerned with temperature difference between the hottest and coldest parts of the glass , and the distribution of temperature across the glass . The resulting differential expansion causes tensile stress at the edge of the glass . If this exceeds the breakage strength of the glass a thermal fracture will occur .
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Helpful tips for performing a thermal safety check prior to installing an insulating glass unit ( IGU ):
1 . Location . Different parts of the world receive different amounts of solar radiation , so considering the project ’ s location is essential .
2 . Check your compass . A north-facing elevation in the UK , for example , will receive relatively little solar radiation in comparison to other orientations .
3 . Know your glass . Glass type and thickness will affect the solar absorption . Some products will absorb more of the sun ’ s energy than others . If the glass is toughened , then it would be expected to be thermally safe .
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4 . Inside knowledge . Any blinds or curtains behind the window can influence the free movement of air over glass . The colour of the material can also play a role – a light-coloured blind will tend to reflect more back into the glass . 5 . Back-up plan . Commonly referred to as a back-up , this is a structural item immediately behind the glass such as a raised floor or low hanging ceiling . If the glass passes in front of a floor slab , this could reduce loss of heat from the glass and increase its temperature .
6 . Look from the outside . What ’ s happening on the outside of the building needs to be considered . External projections such as overhangs can shade part of the
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glazing , creating a temperature difference between the exposed and unexposed areas . Trees and nearby buildings can also partially shade the glazing .
7 . As well as glass type , the frame is also important , whether it is PVCu , aluminium or timber . A heavyweight frame will tend to insulate the glass edge more than a lightweight one , generating a larger temperature differential between the edge and centre of the glass .
8 . Size is everything . As for mechanical strength , the probability of finding a critical flaw is higher for larger panes .
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9 . Keep an open mind . Is the window fixed or can it be opened ? If it is openable , then it may receive more of the sun ’ s radiation when ajar .
10 . Although the sun is the primary source of thermal stressing in glass , any heaters or radiators blowing warm air in the direction of the glass can act as secondary sources .
For more advice on glass thermal safety , please view the Pilkington webpage : http :// pilkington . co . uk / glass + thermalstress
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