Poverty, Peace, and China: PKSOI and World Bank Perspectives Issue 1 | Page 8

Poverty, Peace, and China: PKSOI and World Bank Perspectives
(accessed August 20, 2013).
3
The New York Times reported a 2012 decline in foreign
direct investment into China, “Investment into China Declined during 2012,” January 16, 2013. (http://www.nytimes.
com/2013/01/17/business/global/investment-into-china-declined-during-2012.html) However, this decline was minimal.
See the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development paper entitled “FDI in Figures,” published in April 2013:
http://www.oecd.org/daf/inv/FDI%20in%20figures.pdf
4
See International Development Association. “IDA Graduates”. World Bank Group, for a list of the countries that no
longer qualify for IDA loans (http://www.worldbank.org/ida/
ida-graduates.html).
5
The CIA World Factbook provided statistical series that were
extrapolated to identify the possible graduates over the coming
decade. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-worldfactbook/
6
See the World Bank’s regional Poverty Assessments at
http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/
TOPICS/EXTPOVERTY/EXTPA/0,,contentMDK:20210352~menuPK:435735~pagePK:148956~piPK:216618~theSitePK:430367,00.html. Accessed August 20,
2013.
7
See the World Bank paper done by the IDA Resource Mobilization Department entitled “IDA Support to Fragile and
Conflict Affected States,” March 2013, for a fuller discussion.
(Website: http://www.worldbank.org/ida/papers/IDA17_Replenishment/FCS%20paper.pdf )
8
See the World Bank paper, “Ending World Poverty Hinges on Progress in Fragile and Conflict-affected Situations,”
April 30, 2013. http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2013/04/30/ending-extreme-poverty-hinges-on-progress-in-fragile-and-conflict-affected-situations
9
See the Fund for Peace website on failed states in 2012 at
http://www.fundforpeace.org/global/library/cfsir1210-failedstatesindex2012-06p.pdf. (Accessed August 20, 2103.)
10
See the World Bank’s World Development Report for 2011,
“Conflict, Security and Development,” 2011, p. 11. Website:
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDRS/Resources/
WDR2011_Overview.pdf
11
Steven Pinker, The Better Angels of our Nature. New York:
Penguin. 2011, Page 291.
12
Ibid., Chapter 26: The New Peace, pp. 295-377.
13
The World Bank. World Development Report for 2011,
“Conflict, Security and Development,” 2011, p. 2. Website:
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDRS/Resources/
WDR2011_Overview.pdf
14
Ibid, p. 4-5.

8

pksoi.army.mil

Human Security Centre, Human Security Report 2005: War
and Peace in the 21st Century. New York: Oxford University
Press, 2005, p. 152.
16
Fearon, J.D. and Laitin, D.D. “Ethnicity, Insurgency, and Civil War,” American Political Science Review, 2003, p.76.
15

The World Bank. World Development Report for 2011,
“Conflict, Security and Development,” 2011, p. 8. Website:
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTWDRS/Resources/
WDR2011_Overview.pdf
18
See Daniel Wroe’s “Donors, Dependency, and Political Crisis
in Malawi,” African Affairs, 2012: 111/142: pp. 135-144 for a
case study of this point.
19
Communique for the Third International Dialogue Global
Meeting, “The New Deal: Achieving Better Results and Shaping the Global Agenda,” April 19, 2013. Website: http://www.
newdeal4peace.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/The-Washington-Communiqu%C3%A9-19-April-2013.pdf
20
World Bank: IDA Resource Mobilization Department paper,
“IDA Support to Fragile and Conflict Affected States,” March
2013, pp. 5.
21
Ibid., pp. 7.
22
Ibid., p. 6.
23
Ibid., p. 7-8.
24
See Martin Viero, “Chinese (Un)official Development Aid,”
Americas Quarterly. Website: http://www.americasquarterly.
org/Vieiro. (Accessed August 20, 2013.)
17

See UN peacekeeping troop statistics compiled monthly by
country at the website: http://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/
contributors/2013/jul13_1.pdf. (Accessed August 20, 2013.)
26
Ibid.
27
See Colleen Wong, “China Embraces Peacekeeping Operations,” The Diplomat, August 9, 2013. Website: http://thediplomat.com/china-power/china-embraces-peacekeeping-missions/
28
Ben Wong, “The Dragon Brings Peace? Why China Became
A Major Contributor to UN Peacekeeping,” Stimson Center
Paper, July 12, 2013. Website: http://www.stimson.org/spotlight/the-dragon-brings-peace-why-china-became-a-major-contributor-to-united-nations-peacekeeping-/
29
Ben Wong, “The Dragon Brings Peace? Why China Became
A Major Contributor to UN Peacekeeping,” Stimson Center
Paper, July 12, 2013. Website: http://www.