Postgraduate Prospectus 2020 Postgraduate Prospectus 2020 | Page 7

GIVE ME A NEW WORLD UNDERWATER LUKE HELMER’S PHD RESEARCH IS AT THE HEART OF A MAJOR RESTORATION ECOLOGY PROJECT TO BRING NATIVE OYSTERS BACK TO THE SOLENT. Luke says, ‘In the 1970s, millions of oysters were fished from the Solent. But our first 300 samples of water contained only three oysters.’ to the office, then out on the boat or in the lab. I also do lots of outreach, with presentations to school groups, as well as demonstrating in lab classes and Open Days.’ Fishing pressure, disease, pollution, poor water quality and dredging have taken a toll on Ostrea edulis across Europe, and now it is endangered or extinct in many areas. The project has been a great success. Luke says, ‘We’ve found 95 species in our cages, which shows how oysters can benefit biodiversity. Individual oysters filter up to 200 litres of water a day, so water quality will improve significantly. It should prove possible to reintroduce fishing for better quality oysters, while developing more attractive habitats for “charismatic” sea creatures like seahorses – which will lead to more tourism.’ This is a problem because oysters do us a great service by filtering impurities from seawater, consuming algae and other organic matter, and improving coastal water quality. They also create a unique seabed habitat – oyster reefs support marine life and act as fish nursery grounds. Dr Joanne Preston is Luke’s PhD supervisor. They’re both part of a team that introduced a system of underwater cages where oysters can thrive, safe from predators. Joanne explains, ‘We’ve produced the system in partnership with Ineos, Blue Marine Foundation and MDL Marinas. The system acts like a suspended vertical oyster reef. Cages are designed to be reproductive hotspots.’ Luke’s PhD examines the effectiveness of this approach. He says, ‘My research uses cages containing adult oysters, suspended from pontoons. They release larvae, which seed suitable areas for repopulation. I explore the design of cage structures and survey harbours to identify the right sites.’ For Luke, there is no such thing as a normal day: ‘The work I do is very varied, from being on a pontoon, back 10 His first paper, co-written with Joanne, makes the case for active management of Ostrea edulis stocks. It was downloaded 100 times within three days of publication. Joanne relishes her role as a PhD supervisor: ‘The relational side of it is brilliant and I really enjoy it. Luke’s a fantastic student. I love seeing people’s development and progression.’ Luke says, ‘Joanne has given fantastic support. I’ve become highly organised as a scientist and project manager, and outreach work has really developed my confidence.’ Luke has visited projects in Germany, the USA and Australia, where he spoke at a conference to an audience full of world experts. The implications of his research go far beyond the Solent: ‘The marine environment impacts every living organism on the planet. Our climate, food supplies and survival are all reliant and interconnected to the oceans.’ +44(0)23 9284 4444 | myport@port.ac.uk | port.ac.uk 11