Popular Culture Review Vol. 23, No. 1, Winter 2012 | Page 59

Race, Gender, and Genre: The Baroness Series as Social and Literary Progression The pulp fiction of the 1960s and 1970s is easy to dismiss as “throw away” literature. Some would even argue that the cigarette ads placed in many of the texts demonstrates that these books were created as a means of producing a new avenue of marketing and that the novels themselves are just as effortlessly cast in the role of “product” to be sold, consumed, and disposed of While such texts may or may not have their place in the literary cannon, they have another much more enduring role. Pulp fiction is ultimately reflexive of the society which produces it, and because it is produced so quickly, it can show a culture what it looks like at that exact moment. For these reasons. The Baroness series by Paul Kenyon shows the social and literary progression of 1974 and 1975. Due to the common practice of using house pseudonyms and the large output by Paul Kenyon at the time, the books of The Baroness series may or may not share an author. Whether Kenyon was one writer or many is of little consequence. The texts are best examined as genre fiction of the mid-1970s. The series follows a spy on many missions. In the first text. The Ecstasy Connection, the spy must track down a dangerous drug that kills people with an excess of pleasure. In the second. Diamonds are for Dying, the spy must intercept Nazi plans to build a nuclear war craft. Death is a Ruby Light, the third installment, sees the spy foil communist Chinese plans to start a war between Russia and the United States by framing the US for killing Russian astronauts. In Hard-core Murder, the spy tracks down a dangerous pornography ring that produces snuff films and has political connections that may destroy the US. The spy stops the Russians from opening a lunar capsule which contains a virus deadly enough to kill everything on Earth within fifty days in Operation Doomsday. The sixth novel. Sonic Slave, sees our spy defeat an Arab Emir hell-bent on using sonic technology to control the world’s oil supplies and enslaving the human race. Flicker o f Doom relays the spy’s success in thwarting the plans of a scientist with dangerous political backers who has created a means of dominating the human psyche with light. The last installment. Black Gold, deals with the spy overthrowing the strategy of an evil conglomeration that has set out to destroy the world’s oil reserves with oil-eating bacteria. While these plots may seem campy, they each contain a plot that would lead to an end of the human race and belie an obvious 1970s fear of a resurgence of the Cold War, anti-communist sentiment, and obsession with tactics that will cause global doom. What makes them extraordinary in content and worthy of study is that the spy that the novel follows is a women. The Baroness of the title is Penelope St. John-Orsini, an American “model, millionaires, and international beauty” {Ecstasy 34). Her family was wealthy, and she gained a large inheritance. Her first husband was killed in a jet crash