Popular Culture Review Vol. 22, No. 2, Summer 2011 | Page 57

MORE THAN JUST GHOST LORE IN A B A D PLACE: MIKAEL HAFSTROM’S CINEMATOGRAPHIC TRANSLATION OF STEPHEN KING’S SHORT STORY “1408” At first, Mikael Hafstrom’s movie “ 1408” seems to be just another typical ghost story: typical in the sense that it aims “to scare its readers” (Briggs, 11) through a confrontation with the inexplicable that finds manifestation in the restless souls of the dead re-entering the world of the living. This analysis, however, shows that Hafstrom’s film goes beyond the features of a typical ghost story portraying ghosts seeking revenge, demanding retribution, requiring the completion of unfinished business, or correcting an injustice. Moreover, this analysis illustrates that the film, which is loosely based on Stephen King’s short story of the same title published in 2002, even goes beyond the author’s unidentifiable textual gore expressed in the original text. It moves away from the domineering “feelings of revulsion, disgust, and loathing” (Botting 124) expressed in King’s text. Hafstrom’s individual use of the folkloric, spiritual, and literary perception of ghosts together with his personal interpretation of King’s literary text leads to a ghost story that despite some similarities with other ghost stories is very different in its focus. In Hafstrom’s film, the appearances fulfil two functions. On the one hand, they are a symptomatic expression of the main character’s pathological mourning and melancholy provoked by his daughter’s fatal illness. On the other hand, they fu nction as a personification of the main character’s personal desire for as well as fear of death. In this sense, Hafstrom’s adaptation of ghost lore and of the literary source is a product of “mixture of repetition and difference, of familiarity and novelty” (Hutcheon 114). Only through the interplay between the past and present understanding of ghosts does Hafstrom actualize his own perception of the invisible world of the dead in film, concretize his personal interpretation of King’s horror tale, and visualize his psychological understanding of a modem ghost story. FROM FOLKLORE TO FICTION In contrast to Stephen King’s short story “ 1408,” which plunges the reader right into the horrifying events of room 1408 without ever specifying the happenings’ origin or linguistically defining the strange phenomena, Mikael Hafstrom’s cinematographic adaptation of the textual source offers an independent understanding of the text’s bewildering “voice of the room” (King 499), the “whiff of burning sulphur” (King 501), the intense light “filling the room with that yellow-orange glow” (King 500) and the “rips in the wallpaper [and] black pores that quickly [grow] to become mouths” (King 500). Similar to