Popular Culture Review Vol. 22, No. 1, Winter 2011 | Page 92

88 Popular Culture Review she recalls “feeling relief at seeing the house, feeling that I had come home.”^* We are whatever time or place becomes a part of us. Despite the extremity of its violence and pain, the Maryland plantation and those upon it had become central to Dana’s reality, and therefore to her identity. The ability to share past experiences and hopes for the future gives meaning to an otherwise solitary and lonely existence. Important in revisiting the past in works of science fiction is the discovery of shared experiences with all humans throughout time. When Kivrin arrives in 1348, her attitude is naive. Like Dana, the time to which she travels demands more of her physically and emotionally than she has ever had to give. The part of herself that 1348 brought out and developed is the part she will inevitably have to leave behind when she returns to 2052. Similarly, Dana depends on Kevin because he is her “anchor” and her “kindred spirit.”^^ He alone has shared in the experiences of both 20th-century and 19th-century life. Now that the Maryland plantation has imposed itself upon her sense of self, without Kevin’s presence securing her place, Dana would feel isolated in modem Los Angeles. We remember in order to learn lessons; we distance ourselves to move on. “Memory’s vices,” writes Daniel Schacter, “are also its virtues.”^^ Dana and Kivrin had traumatic experiences in the past. When Dana killed Rufus, she was immediately pulled back to 1976 even though Rufus continued to grip her arm. When she arrived in the present, her arm was cmshed within the wall. She had to tear her arm from her body in order to free herself In a highly symbolic act, Dana is now free from the grip of the past, but she is scarred by it as well. Similarly, as humans we are free from the trauma of history, yet we continue to be affected by its consequences. Kivrin’s escape from the past is similar to Dana’s. Mr. Dunworthy rescues Kivrin, but she stmggles to process life in 2052. As Mr. Dunworthy acquaints her with the ills afflicting the present moment, Kivrin’s heart remains with the friends she has lost. That Kivrin will have no one in the present to share the intensity of her experiences will isolate her; however, she does have fellow historians who will listen to her recorder and try to engage with her emotionally. These events will become memories which will help her better understand humanity in its narrative in time. Kindred and Doomsday Book teach that understanding ourselves, learning significant lessons, and healing historical wounds, requires a purposeful confrontation with history. Stories of time travel are beneficial for their use of a present perspective to concentrate on human issues throughout time. Humans sustain cultural and personal memory of the past, but Dana and Kivrin delved beyond ordinary recollection. Their journeys foiled the natural order of human experiences in time to reveal the dynamic ways in which identity is created. The events of their narratives were extraordinary, yet their identities were formed through the same processes humans have undergone throughout history. They survived by organizing internal narratives within categories of past, future, and self Significantly, Kivrin and Dana discovered profound bonds and similarities