The Evolution of Mean
71
17 Stephen Wagg, Because I Tell a Joke or Two: Comedy, Politics, and Social Difference
(New York: Routledge, 1998) 260, 7 Nov. 2008 http://books.google.com/books
18 Bob Hope. “Bob Hope Jokes,” About.com: Political Humor 7 Nov. 2008
http://politicalhumor.about.eom/cs/quotethis/a/aa072803.htm
19 Dave Barry, “Solid Progress By the Clinton Administration,” 17 Apr. 1994, qtd. in
Polipundit 11 Jul. 2005, 14 Nov. 2008 http://polipundit.com/index.php?p=8886
20 Art Buchwald, “37 Most Promising Whoppers,” Los Angeles Times 21 Sep, 1980, J2, 3
Jun. 2009, ProQuest Historical Newspapers Los Angeles Times (1881-1986).
21 Troy Patterson, “Wit’s End,” Slate 10 Apr. 2008, 7 Nov. 2008
http://www.slate.com/id/
2188755/pagenum/all/#p2
22 Ronald Reagan, qtd. in The Quotations Page 7 Nov. 2008 http://www.quotationspage
.com/subjects/politics/
23 Gardner, Campaign Comedy 158.
24 Qtd. in Gardner, Campaign Comedy 136-7.
25 Jerry Adler, Jane Whitmore, Phyllis Malamud, William D. Marbach, and Nancy
Stadtman, “The Finer Art of Politics,” Newsweek 13 Oct. 1980, 3 Jun. 2009,
http://www.lexisnexis.com.ezproxy.library.unlv.edu.
26 Adler.
27 Qtd. in Gardner, Mocking 18.
28 Gary Trudeau, “Doonesbury,” cartoon, 28 Oct. 1980, 7 Nov. 2008 http://www
.doonesbury.com/strip/retro/timeline/80s/801028.html
29 Qtd. in Gardner, Campaign Comedy 141.
30 Qtd. in Gardner, Campaign Comedy 147.
31 Gardner, Campaign Comedy 144.
32 Gardner, Mocking 13.
33 Mike Luckovitch, cartoon, Atlanta Journal-Constitution 29 Aug. 2008, 14 Nov. 2008
http://projects.ajc.com/gallery/view/opinion/luckovichaug08/
34 John Darkow, cartoon, Columbia Daily Tribune, Columbia, MO 26 Jul. 2008.
35 Gary Trudeau, “Doonesbury,” cartoon, 13 Sep. 2008 Universal Press Syndicate.
36 Adler.
37 Dave Barry, “And the Winner is . . . the Man with the Martini,” Miami Herald 4 Nov.
2008, 14 Nov. 2008 http://www.miamiherald.com/living/columnists/dave-bany/story/
756596.html
38 Howlless (Blogger), qtd. in Moira Redmond, mod., “Fist Jabs, Satire, and the Last
Private Places on Earth: What Readers Know About That New Yorker Cover,” Slate 17
Jul 2008, 14 Nov. 2008 http://www.slate.com/id/2195513/
39 Gary Kamiya, “Rush Limbaugh Was Right,” Salon 15 Jul. 2008, 14 Nov. 2008
http ://www. salon, com/opinion/kamiya/2008/07/15/new_yorker_cartoon/index.html
40 David Horsey, cartoon, Seattle-Post Intelligencer 15 Oct. 2008, 8 Nov. 2008
http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/horsey/viewbydate.asp?id= 1842
41 Northrop Frye, “The Nature of Satire,” The University o f Toronto Quarterly, XIV
(Oct. 1944) 75-89, UNLVLibrary Reserves 14 Nov. 2008 http://library.unlv.edu
42 “Obama Girl Robocalls,” video, YouTube 14 Nov. 2008 http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=qWSISfPuwXY
43 “Kobe Bryant Scores 25 In Holy Shit We Elected A Black President,” The Onion 6
Nov. 2008, 14 Nov. 2008 http://www.theonion.com/content/news/kobe_bryant_scores_
25_in_holy_shit