Popular Culture Review Vol. 18, No. 1, Winter 2007 | Page 95

“I’m a Crook”: Representations of the U.S. President in Popular Literature The fall of 2000 witnessed an American presidential election that tested the nation’s resolve and caused many to question the vibrancy of the electoral system. As one president exited to a storm of media speculation and low public opinion, a pro-business right wing candidate took his place. Although many questioned his character and past deeds the candidate became President. In November 2000, Lex Luthor was elected the 43^^ President of the United States. Yes, the long-time Superman nemesis was elected President in the fictional DC universe. Although this may seem unimportant at first glance, it is in fact an excellent indicator of the esteem in which the president of the U.S. is held. The act of placing a villain as leader of the United States is a reversal of comic book tradition and a restatement of political thinking within the superhero genre of comic book literature. This paper will examine the changing role of the President of the United States in comic books while paying special attention to depictions of the president as a hero, villain, or non-political entity. The 1930s, 40s, and 50s Although the early days of superhero comic books presented vigilante like actions against government officials, such as Superman intimidating a state governor in Action Comics #7, after the start of World War II the comic book medium quickly began to present itself as a patriotic storyteller concerned with preserving American life. Comic books joined the war effort, and real life leaders like Adolph Hitler found their way onto comic covers in an attempt to help the cause. But images of the U.S. President were rarely shown; when they were, the commander in chief was often depicted as a shadowy figure whose face was not to be seen. This portrayal was arrived at because it was thought that the office of the Presidency could be sullied by representing its current occupant in a comic book. The comic strip Joe Palooka, however, did feature an appearance by Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1938 (Waters 48-49). After the war and into the 1950s the tradition of depicting the President as a nondescript figure continued. The notion of the U.S. President was rarely portraye d in comic adventures, and when it was, the office served as shorthand for the importance of the American political system and one’s patriotism towards it. In the wake of Cold War political changes, many comic books attempted to avoid overt political messages. Pressure by parental groups, state legislatures, and Dr. Fredric Wertham’s often-mentioned book Seduction of the Innocent shoehorned comic book publishers into presenting an extremely positive view of all symbols of authority, which included elected officials like the President. When the Comics Code Authority was adopted in 1954 it essentially drove out most of the political content from comic books. The combination of tradition, fear and a