Popular Culture Review Vol. 15, No. 2 | Page 27

Transgenderism in Cabaret and Culture 23 obtain erotic pleasure from behaving like a woman). His work supports the popular view Aat transgenderism is an abnormal behavior and sexual fetish. Furthermore, negative attitudes towards the transgendered have spread to groups that once were free of prejudice and discrimination against them. A recent Associated Press article published in The Oregonian (Hoffinan, 2003), reported that the Navajos, as with other American Indian tribes, have a tradition of acceptance towards the nadleeh (transgendered). However, the sentiments of the younger generation today are reflecting the hostility of the wider American culture, in stark contrast to the tolerant views of the older members of the tribe (Hoffinan, 2003). The social status of the transgendered is reflected in the subjects covered and images presented in public entertainment showcasing female impersonation. In a recent study, Rupp and Taylor (2003) describe the performances of “drag queens” (transgendered gay men) in the 801 Cabaret located in a gay neighborhood of Key West, Florida. The audiences include a mixture of straight and gay tourists, along with gay locals. The show involves the drag queens lip-syncing songs and interacting with the audience, including audience members brought on the stage. The authors classify the performances of the drag queens into three categories: those that embrace traditional images of femininity and heterosexuality; those that mock or reject traditional femininity and heterosexuality; and those meant to spotlight the fluidity and futility of gender grouping (Rupp and Taylor, 2003, 116). Many elements of the performance attack gender boundaries and question the meanings of gender labels. They challenge conventional understandings of male and female, straight and gay. A prominent theme that ties together the three categories of performances is what Rupp and Taylor called “performing protest.” A major part of the show involves coaxing members of the audience onto the stage where they are put through embarrassing experiences. The performers use sexist, racist, and ethnic slurs, and routinely use slang words for body parts and sex acts that might be termed the “politics of vulgarity” (140). There is a lot of hostility in the show directed at straight men (191). The authors, a lesbian couple themselves, claim the shows are profoundly political. The show, they contend, is about gay life, and the performers reflect solidarity with other gay men and women who suffer from the homophobic male dominance of American society. The drag queens are “performing protest” (112). Apparently, the jolting style found in the 801 Cabaret is not an exception in American transgender theatres. The highly acclaimed “Miss Coco Peru is Undaunted,” a one-woman show that plays in gay and lesbian venues, has been described as “acidic” and “laced with barked expletives.” In a Los Angeles Times (10/31/2003) theatre review. Miss Coco was quoted to say, “Pm sorry I write shows to work out my issues and then charge you to see it” (Foley, 2003).