Plumbing Africa PA October 2018 | Page 49

HEALTH AND SANITATION 47 Julius Ballanco surrounded by his plumbing students at the vocational school. << Continued from page 45 Nation.” This got their attention. It was hard to imagine that they had never heard the expression, nor did they comprehend its meaning. As I was explaining how important our profession is for clean water and proper sanitation, I found the poster used in the United States on my computer. I showed the poster on the projection screen of the proud plumber protecting the people while holding a pipe wrench. It was then that I realised that the plumber on our famous poster was white. All the people at the bottom of the poster were also white. As I looked around, I was the only white person in the entire school. Something needed to be corrected regarding our poster. On another day, I went to the field with the third- and fourth-year students for their practical training. The instructor showed me the project and how he was allowing the students to work on their own. The only piping material on the project was plastic pipe. I was informed they only use plastic pipe because metallic pipe is too expensive. That was understandable for such a poor region of the country. The toilet building being constructed by the students was in a remote village with no indoor plumbing. This would be the village toilet facilities, having both a men’s and ladies’ room. The hole for the septic tank was dug by hand. The septic tank would be built in place with blocks. I asked where the septic fields would be. This was a foreign concept, as it was explained that the liquid run-off would connect to the ditch. www.plumbingafrica.co.za The ditches, often located on the side of the road, were for both storm and liquid sanitary waste. There was no treatment of the liquid waste other than dilution from the storm drainage. I thought back to the founding of our country, where the solution to pollution was dilution. That worked until all our rivers and lakes became polluted. The major build-up of wastewater treatment plants only began in the 1960s. Ghana has gone through a very good educational effort regarding the need to only drink water that has been treated or deemed clean. Many street vendors sell half-litre bags of water. You get used to biting off the corner of the bag and drinking the water. FILTER SYSTEMS Filter systems have been provided to villages to clean the water from the rivers, streams, lakes, and dug wells. Kohler donated a Clarity to demonstrate to the region. The Clarity is a simple filter system that can filter enough water for a family of four on a daily basis. It works by gravity without any need for external power. My host took me to a new water treatment plant that was constructed on the edge of Lake Volta. The treatment plant is state- of-the-art. The plant served more than 20 villages, supplying water to buildings having indoor plumbing. Even with the advances made with new wells and the water treatment plant, there is still a daily struggle for water for the majority of the population. A common sight is women and children walking down the street with water buckets on their heads. October 2018 Volume 24 I Number 8