Plumbing Africa May 2018 | Page 21

ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY 19 19 The future of renewable energy is already here From wind trees to solar flowers, innovation continues to seek ways to harness nature’s power. Today, applications for renewable energy are rising in their diversity. But many unknowns exist for new products coming onto the marketplace, including uncertainty of government subsidies and competitive pricing from non-renewable energy. Some of the most innovative applications and products are emerging from overseas. HEATING YOUR POOL WITH SOLAR POWER Solar thermal power has continued to show durability in the marketplace, particularly in its use for heating pools. Rather than using traditional electricity to keep a pool comfortably warm, which can cost thousands of rands a year, solar heating can maintain a comfortable temperature at a much lower cost. “Solar heating is for comfort more than economics,” Nelson explains. While inexpensive natural gas has eroded the demand for solar thermal’s use in hot water heating, it may still be an attractive option for a larger multi-family mid-rise complex — at least for as long as government incentives continue to be in place. There are also industrial applications for solar thermal hot water heating. Process water heating is used in food processing, agriculture, or other industrial applications that require heated water. In some cases, solar thermal is used to augment non-renewable energy sources; solar raises the temperature several www.plumbingafrica.co.za The Aeroleafs developed by New World Wind are synchronous generators with permanent magnets and axial flow. Designed in leaf form, their aerodynamic profile has been studied to be particularly sensitive to turbulent winds, especially in urban areas. degrees, lowering the burden and cost of non-renewable power to bring the water to its optimal temperature. Demand for pure solar power to generate electricity is a much more recent phenomenon. “The only people that needed solar power,” Nelson says, “were people who were building houses off the electric grid.” For these consumers, solar power became more attractive, “once they found out that it would cost something like USD100 000 to run five miles of electric line.” Aside from satellite technology, there were virtually no residential or commercial applications for solar power until government subsidies lowered the consumers’ installation costs. HARNESSING THE WIND AND SUN WITH FLOWERS AND TREES In 2013, France’s New Wind installed the first prototype of a Wind Tree. Unlike large industrial wind-power turbines, which require otherwise unused space and need to stand up to five storeys tall, the Wind Trees are smaller structures that can occupy an urban plaza and, according to New Wind, require as little wind as eight kilometres per hour to generate power. Their design emulates natural trees, integrating technology and nature into an urban environment. Even more ambitious Continued on page 21 >> May 2018 Volume 24 I Number 3 Awareness and investments in ‘green’ technology are rising, but renewable energy is nothing new in the United States. According to Les Nelson, IAPMO’s vice-president of Solar Heating and Cooling Programmes, solar thermal power was the primary source of hot water in states like California and Florida in as early as the late 19th century. At that time, solar thermal’s primacy as an energy source was associated with hot water heating and continued until the cost of natural gas and oil fell to the point where they could dominate the energy market. By Matt Chapuran