Plumbing Africa May 2018 | Page 15

13 Nuanced approach needed to pursue renewables The sharp decline in the cost of clean renewable energy globally has made it the obvious choice for African countries to generate new capacity, but a more nuanced approach is needed, considering an appropriate energy mix, costs, the variability of renewables, and energy demand. By Liesl Peyper, issued by African Utility Week Ted Blom, partner at Mining and Energy Advisory, warns that renewable energy costs significantly more than energy generated from coal-fired power stations. “In South Africa, coal power from the old fleet costs less than 40c/kWh, while the average cost of the renewable bid windows, already approved as at 1 January 2018, is more than R1.88/kWh,” Blom says. One way to address the cost matter would be to revisit power purchase agreements that governments and utilities enter. Dan Klinck, CEO of East African Power, calls for a “new set of requirements” for power purchase agreements. “The power purchase agreements are currently very rigid,” he says. “Flexibility would work well for bigger projects. The current structure does not work, neither is it feasible for smaller projects.” AN ENERGY MIX FOR AFRICA In its report Lights Power Action, published in 2017, the Africa Progress Panel says although renewable energy — specifically solar — has become the preferred choice for clean power generation across the continent, it is still prudent that countries have an energy policy mix to meet their short-term energy needs, while switching to renewables in a more “phased and realistic” manner. www.plumbingafrica.co.za Pixabay Blom is highly critical of the South African government’s recent signing of 27 renewable energy independent power producer (IPP) projects. He warns that the new IPP projects will lead to significant losses at Eskom, as the national power utility will be forced to buy and distribute this additional renewable power. “A quick calculation reveals lost sales to Eskom will be at least R20-billion per year for the next 20 years, as renewables have been guaranteed that Eskom must purchase all their power,” Blom says. Daniel Njoroge Butti, energy economist at Karatina University in Kenya, echoes this sentiment. “Energy sources, like renewable energy, have relatively low initial costs and periodical costs involved in operation, which eventually become very high. Therefore, we need a decent conversation of how energy sources can complement each other. The conversation on energy has to be approached holistically.” An example of a coal-fired power station. Butti says the “balance” between base-load energy and renewable power needs to be understood. “There are various studies underway in an attempt to understand this. This is a technical challenge that can be solved through understanding and analysis.” May 2018 Volume 24 I Number 3