Plumbing Africa May 2017 | Page 43

FEATURES 41 Hearts and controls Before you embark on installing or replacing valves, pumps, and pipes, it is essential that you are aware of the South African National Standards (SANS) that apply, either as mandatory or voluntary standards. We will cover valves in this issue and pumps in June. By Rory Macnamara The pump can be described as the heart, while the valve controls and the pipe are the aorta. Also, all pipes, valves, and certain pumps that come into contact with potable water are mandatory, so there is no option. Use of a non-compliant product will lead one into big trouble, whether specified and installed — never mind the potential for water losses. We list the standard number and brief description thereof as per the SABS website (accessed on 6 April 2017), but the onus is on you to check the status of the standard, as technical committees meet regularly and may well be recommending amendments to the standard. This is signified by the SANS number, year, and edition, for example SANS 10254:2008 – 5. So, if you are sitting with the first edition, you need to update or you will be out-of-date. As both valves and pumps are part of a system, it would also be wise to search the SABS website and check. We list the obvious ones. However, any engineer and installer worth his or her salt would know about changes. Because of the functional nature of a valve and a pump, it is highly likely that another standard may call up the use of a valve/pump within the context of that application. Valves • SANS 191 – cast steel • SANS 198 – control and safety • SANS 664 – cast iron gate • SANS 665 – wedge gate • SANS 752 – float • SANS 776 – copper alloy gate (heavy duty) • SANS 1006 – plastic ball • SANS 1056 – ball (fire and non-fire safe) • SANS 1299 – tempering www.plumbingafrica.co.za • • • • SANS 1509 – flush SANS 1532 – vent SANS 1551 1&2 - check SANS 1808,09,10,13,15,18,31, 32, 35 - family of standards for water and distribution system components Valve descriptions • Gate valve The distinct feature of a gate valve is the sealing of surfaces where the gate and seats are planar, so gate valves are often used when a straight-line flow of fluid and minimum restriction is desired. Typical gate valves are designed to be fully opened or closed. Gate valves most commonly come in two varieties. The parallel gate valve uses a flat disc to shut off and control the fluid flow. It creates a seal to prevent leakage. Parallel gate valves also have two types: knife valves and through- conduits. The knife valve has a sharp bottom to cut through any solids passing through the pipe. The through-conduit is rectangle shaped with a circular opening to allow fluid to flow when it is lowered. So, if you are sitting with the first edition, you need to update or you will be out-of-date. As both valves and pumps are part of a system, it would also be wise to search the SABS website and check. Continued on page 42 >> May 2017 Volume 23 I Number 3