Plumbing Africa March 2022 | Page 24

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FEATURE

• 4.13 Drainage systems

• 4.14 Sizing of discharge pipes

• 4.15 Sizing of drains

• 4.16 Protection of water seals

• 4.17 Sizing of ventilation pipes

• 4.18 Installation of discharge pipes and ventilating pipes

• 4.19 Access to the drainage system

• 4.20 Provision of traps

• 4.21 Provision of gullies

• 4.22 Installation of drains

• 4.23 Common drains

• 4.24 Grease interceptors

• 4.25 In-situ percolation test for soils

• 4.26 Test for drains

• 4.27 Test for discharge pipes and ventilating pipes .

Bear in mind that many of the content of the headings carry reference to other standards related to products and materials . Plumbing has a number of compulsory standards so the reference to other standards within the headings falls into this category as well . Critical in the standard are the diagrams and tables in most sections that guide the designer and installer as to sizing , flow , and fixtures .

Part P consists of three annexures , namely , A . Drainage B . Performance requirements for sanitation systems C . Sizing of septic tanks Annexures are referred to as normative but are essential reference when installing drainage systems .

Also bear in mind that standards are revised so it is necessary to keep up to date . b .

c .

Sanitary discharge pipework relies on gravity flow and should be kept as short as possible with few bends and adequate pipe gradients for best performance . Sufficient access should be provided for the clearance of blockages . Prevention of foul air into the building is achieved by providing each sanitary fixture with a water seal trap , either as part of the fixture or as a separate fitting to the outlet of the fixture . The retention of an effective water barrier by protecting trap seals is essential if this is to be achieved .

The depth of the water seal represents the strength or effectiveness of the trap , thus the greater the depth of the water seal the more effective is the trap .

Extracts from the SA Plumbers ’ Handbook : Sanitary pipework systems should be designed and installed to meet the following performance requirements , a . Liquid and solid waste from soil and waste appliances should be carried away quickly and quietly without blockage and without entry of foul air into the building

“ The depth of the water seal represents the strength or effectiveness of the trap .”

There are basically three types of waste traps , namely , ‘ P ’ traps , ‘ S ’ traps and bottle traps ( there are many more traps in plumbing and these mentioned pertain to waste drainage .) There has been innovative development on these traps particularly the bottle trap by manufacturers .

www . plumbingafrica . co . za @ plumbingonline @ plumbingonline @ PlumbingAfricaOnline March 2022 Volume 28 I Number 1