Plumbing Africa March 2019 | Page 31

The selection of one of these materials for a rainwater storage tank will largely depend on local availability, as well as on cost, storage requirements, site accessibility and/or engineering specifications. Concrete tanks are durable and strong. They can be installed above ground or below ground in various shapes and forms. Plastic tanks are the most common material used for residential RWH systems in South Africa. Fibreglass Fibreglass tanks are very versatile as they can be installed above or below ground. They are rigid and fairly lightweight and can be easily repaired. Because their individual strands are very fine and sharp, you should be careful with parts that have been cut. Polyethylene and polypropylene (plastic) Plastic tanks are the most common material used for residential rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems in South Africa. This is because they are lightweight, come in many sizes and colours, and are affordable as a solution. Polyethylene is flexible plastic and polypropylene is a rigid plastic. Both can be translucent or opaque. An opaque, solid colour is better for reducing the chances of algae growth. UNDERGROUND TANKS Most tanks are above ground; however, if you do not want your tank to be visible or to take up your precious backyard space, you have the option of burying your water tank underground. They are constructed from a variety of materials: polyethylene, steel, fibreglass or concrete. www.plumbingafrica.co.za 29 HEALTH AND SANITATION Plastic underground rainwater tanks are a type of rainwater tank that is designed to be installed underground while still operating effectively. These tanks are made from UV stabilised polyethylene (food grade) and are specifically designed and manufactured for strength, with factors such as large ribs added to the water tank walls. Modern polyethylene water storage tanks that are designed to be installed underground can be positioned underneath driveways, allowing a car to be driven over the top of the tank. Concrete underground tanks tend to be more expensive to install than polyethylene water tanks, as more excavation is required. Those tanks are also at little risk of rusting, corroding, or damage from tree roots. Because concrete tanks are stronger, they are ideal for placing under driveways, courtyards, sheds, or other areas where they have to take heavy loads. Concrete underground rainwater tanks are either precast or poured on site to client specifications. PA In the next issue, we will look at the design and installation of rainwater storage tanks. March 2019 Volume 25 I Number 1