rustic roads & waterways
The Canal ’ s Natural Treasures
The Park ’ s lush forests , wetlands , and meadows provide crucial habitats for wildlife and act as a riparian buffer . They play a critical role in maintaining the health of the Potomac River by filtering pollutants , reducing erosion , and supporting water quality . Over 500 mammals , birds , fish , and amphibians , and over 1,500 plant species call the canal home .
Park naturalists have identified 200 rare , threatened , and enlesser known treasures of the C & O canal
By Heidi Schlag I Photos by Wib Middleton
For many Montgomery County residents , the C & O Canal and its towpath are a part of daily life , whether that includes an early morning run , a family bike ride , or a hike with the dogs . But the C & O Canal National Historical Park , which lines the Potomac River along the southern border of Maryland , also holds the distinction of being the 16th most visited national park in the United States ,
Late afternoon on the towpath can be a perfect time for a peaceful hike or bike ride . welcoming more than 4.4 million visitors annually .
Constructed between 1828 and 1850 , the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal was a vital transportation route that facilitated the movement of goods to and from the Ohio River Valley . Despite fierce competition from the railroads , the canal was a significant driver of the regional economy , supporting communities by creating jobs and fostering trade . However , by 1924 , decreased business and significant flood damage closed the canal to boat traffic for good .
Today , the C & O Canal National Historical Park retains the majority of its historic and natural assets , thanks to preservation efforts by countless community members . The 184.5-mile scenic towpath is perfect for hiking , biking , and horseback riding , while the Potomac River provides opportunities for kayaking , canoeing , and fishing . History buffs can explore preserved canal structures , lock houses , and visitor centers that tell the story of the canal ’ s construction and operation .