Phytoplankton of river Masrik | Page 6

American Journal of Environmental Protection 2015; 4(3-1): 44-50 was 162g/m3, the minimum rates - respectively 464 000 cells /l in and 2.8g/m3 for biomass. High quantitative indicators of planktonic algae, also indicate the presence of favorable conditions for their mass development and active vegetation. In water samples were found well developed whorls algae of the genus Chara, which is not representative of the plankton and were not observed in the spring of last year, but their presence indicates technogenic pollution. In a summer dominant group of phytoplankton were diatoms. They were 75% of the total phytoplankton and 79% of indicators of total biomass of phytoplankton of Masrikriver. (fig.6 ( a,b)). Dominant diatom species of the genera were: Stephanodiscus, Didimosphenia, Nitzhia, Synedra, Cocconeis, Navicula, Amphora, Diatoma, Ceratoneis, Cymbella, Fragilaria and Rhoicosphenia. In summer, maximum rates of diatoms was registered in the estuary of the river Masrik amounting by the number of 468,000 cells /l, and by biomass in June, in the middle reaches, reaching 5.6 g/m3,. High rates of biomass caused by the development of the macrocellular Cocconeisplacentula form, which is a boreal species, developing at a pH above 7. This species is an indicator of polluted conditions and is characterizing beta mezosaprob level of contamination [14] Blue-green algae in the studied period were in subdominant community, they were registered in all parts of the river. Quantitative indicators of blue-green algae were increased in August, the maximum indicators in numbering 164,000 cells/l and 0.33g/m3, were found in the middle reaches of the river. The percentage of blue-green algae accounted for 19% of the size of the total population and 7% of the total biomass, respectively (Fig.6 (a,b)). They were mostly species of the genera Aphanothece, Microcystis, Phormidium, Merismopedia. These are mainly small-celled colonial toxic forms of algae. Green algae were not observed in June. In August in the middle of the river were registered maximum values of green algae, which were amounted in the number of 132 000 cells/l and biomass 0.7g/m3. By quantitative indicators green algae were accounted for 6% of the total population and 10% of the total biomass of the community. (Fig.6 (a,b)). Among the green algae, especially in filamentous forms, many types are occurring and developing in polluted conditions. Phytoplankton acts as an absorber of heavy metals and other chemical substances [15]. The dominant species were Ankistrodesmusfalcatus, Dictiosphaerumpulchelum, Scenedesmusacuta, Oocystisparva, O. lacustris, Phacuslongicauta. From the literature it is known that some species of the genus Scenedesmus are highly toxic and it is one of the most promising species for cultivation in the laboratory. Species of Scenedesmusgenus used for waste water treatment[16]. Ecological assessment of water quality of biomass of phytoplankton showed that the part of river in sampling point 9 appropriate to average clear water class. Part of the river, particularly in sampling points 1-2 appropriate as a polluted water class, category of strongly polluted, and part of a river-sampling point 5 appropriate to 49 the polluted water class, category extremely polluted. It can be mentioned that the hydrochemical assessment of water corresponds to the environmental assessment of water quality of biomass of phytoplankton in points 9 and 2. In the point 5 the same water with hydro-chemical point of view refers to the less stained and observed maximum values of phytoplankton biomass associated with temporary anthropogenic impacts, which are formed the small artificial pound, that contributes an active vegetation of planktonic algae (Photo 1). Fig. 6. Percentage of major groups of phytoplankton Masrik River, in terms of the quantity (a) and biomass (b), summer 2014. This observation has a scientific interest in terms of prediction of environmental situation in the water in case of impact on the riverbed, which brings the changes of the water cycle and conditions. 4. Conclusion Visual assessment of water samples revealed the presence of clusters of filaments of algae and peresistant inherent in municipal wastewater. These visual assessments revealed a significant organic pollution of river Masrik, which was confirmed by high levels of BOD5 in water. According to the evaluation of hydrochemical characteristics, it can be concluded about the ongoing impact of Sotk gold deposit on the water quality of the river Masrik,