Cyclotron
Cyclotron is a device used to accelerate positively charged particles such as proton, deuteron etc.
Principle of Cyclotron
A positively charged particle can be accelerated through a modera. electric field by crossing it again and again by use of strong magnetic field.
Radius of circular path, r = mv / Bq Cyclotron frequency v = Bq / 2πm
where m and q are mass and charge of the positive ion and B is strength of the magnetic field.
Maximum kinetic energy gained by the particle. E max = B 2 q 2 r 2 o / 2m where, r o = maximum radius of circular path.
When a positive ion is accelerated by the cyclotron, it moves with greater and greater speed. As the speed of ion becomes comparable with that of light, the mass of the ion increases according to the relation.