Pharmacy News December 2018 | Page 28

28 F Dec 2018 Feature Cutting EDGE Prepare for CRISPR technology to become embedded in the DNA of medical advancement, writes Neil Bramwell J UST as genetically modified crops have transformed agriculture, gene editing using CRISPR technology is opening bold new frontiers in medical research. “It’s an extraordinary technology,” says Professor Peter Koopman, from the University of Queensland. “It’s potentially a major revolution in molecular medicine, in the sense that it would take a lot of guesswork out of drug-based therapies.” CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) technology uses an enzyme — Cas9 — to edit genes to alter DNA sequences and modify gene function. Framed by the initial public outcry over genetically modified (GM) food, however, tampering with the human genome is subject to intense regulatory and ethical scrutiny. In Australia, reviews are in progress of both the Gene Technology Regulations 2001 and the Gene Technology Scheme, but proposed changes do not cover the use of CRISPR-Cas9 technology in humans. Therefore, unlike some countries,